بررسي عوامل موثر بر ميزان مشاركت دانشجويان دختر دانشگاه بوعلي سينا در فعاليت‌هاي ورزشي

Participation of Female Students in Sport Activities

در اين مقاله ميزان مشاركت دانشجويان دختر در فعاليت‌هاي ورزشي و عوامل موثر بر آن بررسي شد.‏ روش مورد استفاده در اين پژوهش پيمايشي بود. جامعه آماري شامل دختران دانشجو دانشگاه بوعلي سينا همدان (5096 نفر) بوده‌اند كه از اين تعداد 385 نفر از طريق فرمول كوكران به عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شده و از طريق روش نمونه‌گيري خوشه‌اي، بين آن‌ها پرسشنامه توزيع شد.در چارچوب نظري از نظرياتي همچون نظريه فيش باين-آيزن، نظريه يادگيري اجتماعي، نظريه سرمايه فرهنگي، نظريات فمنيستي، نظريه چافتز،كليشه‌هاي جنسيّتي سندرا بم و ديدگاه نظري چو بهره گرفته شد. نتايج نشان داد بين متغير‌هاي حمايت اجتماعي، سرمايه فرهنگي، سودمندي ادراك شده، تمايل فردي و موانع اجتماعي مشاركت با ميزان مشاركت ورزشي رابطه معناداري ديده مي‌شود، اما بين متغيرهاي رشته تحصيلي، قوميت و پايگاه اقتصادي-اجتماعي با ميزان مشاركت ورزشي رابطه معناداري مشاهده نمي‌شود. همچنين بين باورهاي قالبي و مشاركت ورزشي رابطه معنادار و معكوس وجود دارد.

This paper probes the participation rate of female university student in sports activities and to consider its effective factors. Given the research aims and hypotheses, the quantifying method is used in this paper. The statistical society are girls of Hamedan Bu-Ali-Sina university (5096), which 385 people of this number are chosen by Kukaran formula as the sample volume and a questionnaire is distributed among them by the cluster sampling method. The necessity of exercise and physical movement constitutes the significance of this articleʹs subject. In addition, sport activity provides a situation in which the females can keep distance of the daily routines and in short alternating periods, they would find pleasure and happy experiences. Investigating the female university students’ participation in sport activities include considering the type and evaluation of some factors like the main field of study, social support, formational believes, the family viewpoint, nationality, economical-social level, the cultural origin and the like. The research hypotheses are compiled by using the theoretical literature from which some proposed theories are taken such as, Fish Bayen – Isen theory, the social learning theory, the cultural origin theory, feminism theories, Chafter theory, and the sexual stereotype of Sandrabam and the theoretical view of Cho. The results show that there are meaningful relationships between social support variables, the cultural origin, induced efficacy, individual trends and social barriers, participation with the sport participation, but there are not any meaningful relationships between the study field variables, nationality and social-economical level with the amount of sport activity. Also, there is meaningful and upside down relationship between the formational believes and sport participation.