برنامه‌ريزي آرماني فازي، رويكردي نوين در بسط عملكرد كيفيت

FUZZY GOAL PROGRAMMING; A NEW APPROACH TO QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT

امروزه، رقابت جهاني به‌دليل تغييرات سريع تكنولوژيكي و ازدياد و تنوع محصولات افزايش سريعي پيدا ‌كرده است. اين امر باعث تاكيد بر نقش بهبود مستمر عملكرد به‌عنوان يك نياز رقابتي و راهبردي در بسياري از سازمان‌ها در سراسر دنيا شده است. گسترش مشخصه كيفيت به‌عنوان ابزاري قدرت‌مند براي بهبود كيفيت و طراحي محصول و ايجاد يك سيستم كيفيت مشتري‌مدار محسوب مي‌شود. در اين پژوهش، يك چارچوب تركيبي از گسترش مشخصه‌هاي كيفيت و برنامه‌ريزي آرماني براي نشان دادن سطح برآورد هر‌يك از نيازهاي فني محصول ارايه شده است. در اين چارچوب براي به‌هنجار كردن خانه‌ي كيفيت از رابطه‌ي واسرمن استفاده شده است. با توجه به اين كه رويه ارايه‌شده، قادر به در نظر گرفتن ماهيت چند‌منظوره‌‌ي مسيله است، اهدافي همچون افزايش سطح رضايت مشتري، كاهش هزينه و كاهش سختي كار لحاظ شده است. اين چارچوب در نهايت در شركت سيمان لارستان به كار گرفته شده است.

Today, universal competition has greatly increased, due to the rapid change in technical progress and the variety of production. This makes the role of Performance improvemen important as a computational and strategic requirement in many organization worldwide. The function of production is in the area of engineering characteristics, and, for this design, correct understanding of customer requirements and recognition of design requirements are important. Quality function deployment is a strong instrument for improving the quality and design of a product and for making a system customer oriented. In this research, we have combined a frame of QFD and GP for showing the fulfillment level of DR(s). Wasermanʹs has been used in the frame for normalizing houses of quality. This framework can include multi goals, like increasing customer satisfaction, and decreasing costs and technical difficulty. Suppose that customer satisfaction and cost expenditure are considered more important than technical difficulty (two such priority levels are recommended in the QFD process). Based on the three fuzzy goals and their preemptive priority structure, the overall model can be formulated. Determining goal values precisely is difficult for the design team. Since customer satisfaction, cost, and technical difficulty are not easy to measure exactly, these goals usually conflict with each other. For dealing with this, the design team first determines aspiration levels for each goal, and then finds a set of solutions to achieve the maximum satisfaction degree of all goals in total. The important variable in this model is xj. xj is the fulfillment level of engineering design requirement, j =1,2,…n. if xj = 100%, it denotes complete fulfillment of the objective targets for the jth DR. For solving this problem, the model transforms with fuzzy coefficients to a family of conventional crisp mathematical programming models by applying the approach and Zadeh’s extension principle. Obviously, if a designer requires more information to decide the fulfillment level of DRs, more are needed. Different values lead to different ranges of degree satisfaction of the goals and also those of the fulfillment levels of DRs. The membership function for fuzzy goals and fuzzy fulfillment levels are constructed by piecewise linear segments based on different values Finally, this research has been used in the Cement Company of Larestan, Iran, producing Portland II cement.