بررسي شرط ضمان امين با تكيه بر ضمان مستاجر

Examining the Condition of the Accountability of the Trustee with Reliance on the Accountability of the Tenant

بررسي صحت شرط ضمان امين و از جمله مستاجر با توجه به مبتلابه‌بودن چنين شرطي در عرف بسيار با اهميت است و از آنجا كه كمتر به بيان ادله صحت چنين شرطي پرداخته شده اين مقاله ادله صحت اين شرط را در دو مبحث مورد بررسي قرار مي‌دهد، مبحث اول به بررسي مهمترين دلايل بطلان چنين شرطي اختصاص دارد كه به سبب آنها غالبا اين شرط را باطل مي‌دانند و از مهمترين آن‌ها مي‌توان به مخالفت با اقتضاي ذات عقد، مخالفت با شرع، و عدم رضاي مالك اشاره كرد و در مبحث دوم ادله صحت اين شرط بيان و بررسي شده است كه از مهمترين آن‌ها مي‌توان قاعده شروط، ادله لزوم وفاي به شرط، اصل صحت، اصل حاكميت اراده و بيان مستند‌هاي آن و نيز روايات مرتبط را نام برد.

Examining the validity of the condition of the accountability (zaman) of the trustee (amin), including the tenant, is of great importance with respect to the prevalence of such a condition in secular law, and since the evidences of the validity of such a condition is scarcely dealt with, this article examines the evidences of the validity of this condition in two discourses. The first discourse is to examine the most important reasons for the invalidity of such condition, because of which this condition is most often viewed as invalid and the most important of which can be mentioned to be opposition to the expedience of the contract itself, opposition to the legal law, and the discontentment of the proprietor; and in the second discourse, the evidences for the validity of this condition is expressed and examined, the most important of which can be mentioned to be the rule of conditions, evidences of the necessity for fulfilling the condition, the principle of validity, the principle of the sovereignty of will, and stating the supporting documents as well as the relevant traditions.