تصوير زن در قصه ها در فرهنگ بختياري

The Women s reflections In the Stories Bakhtiary s culture

قصه ها، منابع مهمي هستند كه در بسياري از فرهنگ ها، بوسيله زنان نقل مي شوند و در آنها از وضعيت زنان طبقه فرادست و فرودست جامعه سخن مي رود؛ بنابراين بررسي آنها مي تواند نقش مهمي در شناخت زواياي مختلف زندگي زنان داشته باشد. هدف از اين نوشتار، بررسي وضعيت زن در فرهنگ بختياري بر اساس سي قصه مكتوب است. فرهنگ بختياري، فرهنگي مردسالار است كه علي رغم نگرش مثبت به زنان، آنان را فرودست تر از مردان مي داند. در اين فرهنگ، زنان در عرصه هاي اقتصادي و سياسي حضوري كم رنگ دارند و نگاهي مردسالار بر اين زمينه ها حاكم است؛ البته زنان، در برابر اين فرهنگ مردسالار سكوت نكرده ؛ بلكه بسياري از كليشه هاي جنسيتي موجود را بخصوص در زمينه هاي اجتماعي نپذيرفته و مردان را مجبور كرده اند تا نظرشان را تغيير بدهند. از جمله دغدغه هاي زن در اين قصه ها، ازدواج و مبارزه با انديشه هاي مردسالارانه است.گر چه از زنان انتظار مي رود، مطابق خواسته هاي مردان ازدواج كنند؛ اما آنها، در بسياري از موارد اين نگرش ها را رد كرده و طبق معيارهاي خود، ازدواج نموده اند. حضور زنان در قصه ها، هم از جهت كيفي و هم از نظر كمي بررسي شده است. فعاليت هاي سياسي و اقتصادي زن، انديشه هاي مردسالارانه، مبارزه با انديشه هاي مردسالارانه، ازدواج، صفت هاي زن، شخصيت هاي اصلي و فرعي از موضوع هاي مورد بررسي در اين مقاله اند.

Stories and fictions are important sorts of resources which in many cultures are produced and told by women using and imaginations, that are the reflection of ideals and desires of women, rich and poor, of high and low class of society. Therefore reviewing these Stories and fictions id necessary in order to better understanding the various aspects of women s lives in a society culture throughout different ages. The objects of this paper is also to review the women s standing whiten the Bakhtiary s culture based on forty written Stories. Bakhtiary s cultures is patriarchal which in spite of positive attitude towards woman, look upon them as a lesser being. Woman in such a culture have an in economical and political arenas which it is the result of the governing force in these fields predominantely a masculine one. But the thoughtful point here is that the Bakhtiary s women haven’t taken indiscriminate attitude sitting down, but rather have rejected the existing sexual clichés particularly in social settings and have even succeeded in altering some traditional view of their men towards themselves. The most significant preoccupation of women in these types of Stories have been marriage and struggling against patriarchal thoughts. Although it is expected with women to submit to men s will regarding the issue of marriage however they have, on many occasions, rejected such a kind of views and have committed themselves to marry in accordance with their own outlooks. In this paper the presence of women in these Stories has been subjected to qualitative and quantitive analysis. In this paper (this paper is intended to examining) attends to the presence of women in the political and economical arenas, struggling against patriarchal thinkingʹs, partaking in naming their children, marriage, Womanly issues, major and minor (subordinate) characters of positive and negative ones and the number of Women in the Stories are issues which have been examined in this paper.