مقايسهآراي منطقدانان قرن سيزدهم ميلادي و گلنبوي در طرح قياس

Comparison Of 13thAD Logiciansʹʹ Point Of View And Gelenbevi In Theory Of Syllogism

تفسير منطقدانان سنتي از قياس حملي به گونه‌اي است كه آنها را در تحليل قياس مساوات و ساير قياس‌هاي متضمن نسبت، با مشكل روبرو مي‌كند. منطقدانان قرن سيزدهم ميلادي براي بيرون رفتن از اين مشكل دو شيوه را بكار مي‌بندند. يك شيوه، همان شيوه ابن‎سينا است يعني اضافه كردن يك مقدمه به قياس و شيوه دوم، راه حل فخررازي و كاتبي است كه بدون اضافه كردن مقدمه‌اي و با تكيه بر حدوسط شرايط انتاج قياس را فراهم مي‌كنند. كلنبوي در قرن هجدهم سعي مي‌كند با تحليل ديگري از قياس‌هاي متضمن نسبت، راهي را براي توجيه دقيق‌تر اين قياس‌ها باز كند.

The traditional logician’s explanation on categorical syllogism, make the analysis of controversial syllogism and other relative syllogism, very difficult. The thirteenth century logicians use two methods to solve this problem. One method is Ibn Sinaʹs method, which adds a premise to syllogism, and the second method is Fakhr al-Din al-Razi and Katebis’ method, which provide syllogism relying on middle terms and without adding a premise. In eighteenth century, Gelenbevi tried to find another way of closer justification on these syllogisms, by using other analysis on relative syllogism.The traditional logician’s explanation on categorical syllogism, make the analysis of controversial syllogism and other relative syllogism, very difficult. The thirteenth century logicians use two methods to solve this problem. One method is Ibn Sinaʹs method, which adds a premise to syllogism, and the second method is Fakhr al-Din al-Razi and Katebis’ method, which provide syllogism relying on middle terms and without adding a premise. In eighteenth century, Gelenbevi tried to find another way of closer justification on these syllogisms, by using other analysis on relative syllogism.