نافذ بودن وصيت، جهت استفاده بهينه از اعضاي بدن موصي از ديدگاه فقه اسلامي

The Command of Validity of the Last Will, in Order for an Optimal Use of the Testator’s Body Organs after His Death “from the

انسان مملوك خداست و طبق اجازه ي اوست كه هركس مالك خود و اعمال خود مي‌باشد و اختيار تصميم‌گيري راجع به اعضا بدن خود تا آنجا كه زندگيش به خطر نيفتد را دارد. همچنين اختيار وصيت كردن راجع به اين‌كه پس از فوت او با اموال و متعلقات او چه معامله‌اي شود، حق هركسي است و از آن جمله است اختيار وصيت او راجع به استفاده يا عدم استفاده از اعضاي بدن او در صورت وقوع مرگ (چه مرگ طبيعي و چه مرگ مغزي). در اين تحقيق محقق شد كه استفاده بهينه از اعضاي بدن ميت در صورت وقوع مرگ مغزي بلامانع است و اگر وصيت صورت نگيرد ولي اوليا ميت اجازه دهند باز هم استفاده از اعضا بدن ميت جايز است و به طور كلي در اين تحقيق به اثبات رسيد كه استفاده از اعضاي بدن، ميت جهت حل مشكل انسان مسلمان زنده ديگر بلا اشكال است.

The human being is a property of god, and it is according to his permission that everybody is the owner of his deeds and actions and that everyone has the power of making decision about his or her body organs unless the time his life goes under danger. Moreover, every individual has the right to will how to be dealt with his properties and accessories after his death including the right of willing of a person about his body organs to be or not to be used after his death (whether natural death or brain death). Within this research it is realized that the optimal use of a deceased’s body organs is permissible in the case of brain death; and even if there exist no will by the deceased, but the guardians of the one who is passed away have consensus upon it, it is still permissible to use the dead person’s body organs, and on the whole it was proved within this research that utilizing a dead person’s body organs in order to solve the problem of another Muslim human is permitted.