تحليل روايت ابي‌بصير مبني بر عدم بطلان خون مسلمان

Analysis of AbiBasirʹʹs Tradition Concerning Non-annulment of Muslimʹʹs Blood

گرچه در قتل عمد، گرفتن ديه از قاتل منوط به رضايت او و وليّ دم است (يعني ديه،تصالحي است)، در روايت ابي‌بصيردرباره قاتل عمدي كه فرار كرده و به او دسترسي نيست، به گرفتن ديه از اموالش و در مرحله بعد از اقارب او و در نهايت از بيت‌المال حكم شده است. درباره اين روايات سوالات متعددي مطرح شده، مثل اينكه آيا حكم اين روايت، خاص مورد خودش است يا به موارد ديگر از جمله خودكشي يا كشته شدن قاتل توسط غيروليّ دم و بدون اذن او نيزتسري پيدامي‌كند؟ آيا در قتل شبه‌عمد هم مي‌توان در صورت عدم تمكن قاتل، از اقارب و در مرحله بعد از بيت‌المال ديه را گرفت؟ اين مقاله به بررسي اين روايت مي‌پردازد.

Although, in intentional murder, blood-money which should be received depends upon murdererʹs consent and his legal guardians (in other words, it is reconciliatory), according to AbiBasirʹs tradition, if a murderer escapes and can not be found, blood-money should be taken from his properties and, if this is not possible, in the next stage from his relatives, and finally from Public Treasury. There are many questions about this tradition from among which we may mention the following ones: "Does this tradition concern its own occasion or may it be generalized to cover cases such as cases in which the murderer commits suicide or is killed by someone other than legal guardians of the murdered person and without their permission? Concerning quasi intentional murder, if the murderer has no financial ability, may blood-money be taken from his relatives and then from Public Treasury? The present article discusses this tradition and questions about it.