بررسي رَوايي قبض در معاملات آتي بورس

Studying the Lawfulness of the Taking Possession in the Stock Market

در بسياري از معاملات بازار بورس ظاهراً قبضي صورت نمي‌گيرد. گروهي از فقها نيز «بيع ما لم يقبض» را جايز ندانسته و حكم به عدم رَوايي آن نموده‌اند. در جستار حاضر مفهوم قبض و حكم آن در بازار بورس بررسي شده است. سپس ادلّه احكام از منظر فقه اماميه بررسي شده و معاملاتي كه در فقه، شبيه معاملات بازار بورس است بررسي و حكم آن‌ها بيان گرديده است. بعد از انطباق معاملات بازار بورس و معاملات فقهي و بررسي ادلّه و بنا بر متفاهم عرفي، چنين نتيجه‌گيري شده كه معاملات مبتني بر چنين قبضي ظاهراً رواست، اگرچه در قالب سلف موازي، صلح و يا وديعه نيز قابل اجرا و شرعاً نيز جايز و روا هستند.

It seems that there is no taking possession in many sales of stock market. Some of jurisprudents have not allowed and permitted the sale which is not taken possession. In the present research, the concept of the bill and its decree in the stock market have been studied and analyzed. Then, the analysis of evidences of the decrees from the perspective of Shiite jurisprudence and processing the data of the present research in adapting the sales in the jurisprudence which are similar to the trading in stock market have been considered and their ordinances have been expressed. After adapting the stock market trading with the juridical trading and evaluating the evidences, on the understanding of the custom, the deals based on such a taking possession is apparently lawful, although it is also practicable in the form of making a forward purchase, contract of settlement or the contract of deposit and it is also allowed religiously. Key words: Stock market, Taking possession, Making a forward purchase, Istesna (ordering of making goods), Future trades.