ديرينگي مازندران و فرهنگ مازندراني

Ancientness of Mazandaran & Mazandarani Culture

پيش از ورود آرياها به فلات ايران، طوايفي مانند عيلاميان، تپوران، كادوسيان و آماردان در نواحي مختلف آن سكونت داشتند. آرياها براي تصرف سرزمين بوميان، وارد جنگ هاي سخت و خونين با آنان شدند و به سبب اختلافات نژادي و ارضي و ديني با اقوام بومي، آنان را ديو، و مازني ها را ديوان مازندران ناميدند. اگرچه در متون اساطيري و حماسي دو يا سه سرزمين را مازندران مي‌خواندند؛ اما بدون ترديد تبرستان يا مازندران فعلي يكي از آن ها بوده كه در شاهنامه از آن به دفعات با عنوان بيشه نارون نام برده شده است. عمده ترين سبب نامگذاري اقوام بومي مازندران به ديوان، تعصبات ديني زرتشتيان بوده كه هر دگركيشي را ديو و بي دين مي ناميدند. دليلِ ديگر اطلاق ديوان بر مردم مازندران اين بوده كه زرتشتيان مي كوشيدند تا با انتساب آنان به ديو پرستي و ساحري و جادوگري، هويّت فرهنگي شان را از بين برده و نابود كردن يا برده نمودن شان را پسنديده و پذيرفته جلوه دهند، در حالي كه به استناد همان متون اساطيري و حماسي نه تنها در آدمي بودن ديوان مازندران هيچ گونه ترديدي نيست، بلكه از لحاظ فرهنگ و تمدن از آرياهاي مهاجم بسي بافرهنگ تر و متمدن تر بوده اند و آرياها بسياري از عناصر و مظاهر فرهنگ را از ديوان مازندران آموختند كه زبان، خط، خواندن و نوشتن از مهم ترين آن ها محسوب مي شود.

Before Arias’ coming to the Iranian plateau, tribeslikeElamite, Tapoyrian, andKadousian and Amardanlivedindifferentareas of it. Forseizingnative land, Arias fought a hardand bloodywarwith them and due to the ethnic, territorial and religious differences they had with indigenous ethnic groups, they called these groups as Bogies and Mazenis as Bogies of Mazandaran. Although two or three lands were in mythological and epic texts called as Mazandaran, undoubtedly, Tabarestan or the current Mazandaran which, in Shahnameh, has been referred frequently to as the Elm Grove has been one of them. The main cause of this naming Mazandaran indigenous ethnic groups as Bogies has concerned the Zoroastrians’ religious fervor, who called as Bogies and irreligious everybody who had a religion other than theirs. Thus, Bogy has the meanings of courageous and brave, strong and powerful, sullen and irreligious, huge and strangely-born and beside the words of alley and Kia, implies Ancientness of Mazandaran Another reason for calling Mazandaran people as Bogies has been that Zoroastrianstriedto destroytheircultural identity by attributingbogie-worshipping andsorceryandwitchcrafttothem, and to show destroying them or making them slaves as acceptable and approved, while according to the very mythologicalandepictexts, not only there is no doubt about Mazandaran Bogies being human, but also they were muchmoreculturedandcivilized than invasive Arias in terms ofcultureand civilization and Arias learnt many components and representations of culture from Mazandaran Bogies, among which are the language, writing, to read and to write; in addition, Mazandaranis’ expertise in architecture and music made them urban people in a way that Arias had to learn components of culture and civilization and the customs of urbanity from them.