چكيده فارسي :
بررسي قانون اصلاحات ارضي كه در نوع خود يكي از مهم‌ترين اقدامات رژيم پهلوي در دهه 40 بوده، به تنهايي در اين مقاله ممكن نمي‌باشد؛ اما تلاش گرديده تا ضمن رهيافت شرايط ايران در آستانه اصلاحت ارضي و فرجام نهايي آن مروري هر چند به اختصار صورت پذيرد.
در اين مقاله محدود روشن مي‌شود كه هر چند اصلاحات ارضي يك قانون پيشرو و مبتني بر اهداف بلندپروازانه است، از آنجا كه برآمده از نيازهاي واقعي جامعه ايران نبود و يا سيستم سياسي مستقر تنها از سر ناچاري و يا خروج از بن‌بست به آن تن داد، نتوانست آن طور كه شايسته است موجد اثر باشد.
ملاحظه‌كاري‌ها و سياست‌بازي‌هاي شاه، حسادت، رقابت و بركناري دكتر اميني و متعاقب آن حسن ارسنجاني، قانون اصلاحات ارضي را از يك رفرم قاطع اجتماعي، به يك امر ملوكانه و فرماليته بدل ساخت. هرچند اجراي آن سال‌ها به طول انجاميد اما منجر به خلع يد كامل بزرگ مالكين ايران نشد. هرچند توانست براي بخش‌هاي وسيعي از جامعه زارعين و دهقانان هويت، اراده و استقلال مالي فراهم سازد.
با اين همه به نظر مي‌رسد براي كاوش درباره اين بخش از تاريخ معاصر ايران مي‌بايد تلاش‌هاي بيشتري نيز صورت پذيرد.
مقاله مذكور از يك مدخل و چهار فصل و البته زير فصل‌هايي تشكيل شده كه در هر يك به اختصار به موضوع پرداخته شده است.
اميد كه اين نوشته مجمل فتح بابي در اين بخش از تاريخ معاصر ايران باشد.
چكيده لاتين :
Land reform policies are generally advocated as an effort to eradicate food insecurity and rural poverty, often with utilitarian (i.e., "the greatest good for the greatest number"), philosophical or religious arguments, a right to dignity, or a simple belief that justice requires a policy of "land to the tiller". However, many of these arguments conflict with prevailing notions of property rights in most societies and states. Implementations of land reform generally raise questions about how the members of the society view the individualʹs rights and the role of government. Starting in the 1960s and continuing into the 1970s, the Iranian government, at the shahʹs initiative, undertook a broad program designed to improve economic and social conditions. Land reform was a major priority. In an effort to transform the feudal peasant-landlord agricultural system, the government purchased estates and sold the land to the people; it also distributed large tracts of crown land. In the Jan., 1963, referendum, the voters overwhelmingly approved the shahʹs extensive plan for further land redistribution, compulsory education, and a system of profit sharing in industry; the program was financed by the selling of government-owned factories to private.investors. Within three years, 1.5 million former tenant farmers were plot owners. Land reform in Iran was executed with a view of attaining stability in politics. In Iran the land reform policies were introduced, not to address the problems of the agricultural workers, at least in the initial stages. During the the year 1963, the economy was in doldrums. The economic anomalies and consequent political unrest had to be addressed to immediately. Land reform in Iran was successful to a great extent in bringing the economy back on the tracks. As per norms, under land reform, large stretches of land were converted into smaller set ups. The land reform in Iran was backed by the United States of America. The failure of land reform in failed due to the fact that the interests of the local people were not taken into consideration.
