پديد آورندگان :
محمدپور، احمد نويسنده استاديار جامعه‌شناسي دانشگاه واندربيلت , , كريمي، جليل نويسنده دانشگاه تهران Karimi, J , عليزاده ، مهدي نويسنده Alizadeh, M , شريعتپناه، ابوبكر نويسنده كارشناس ارشد جامعه‌شناسي دانشگاه كردستان ,
كليدواژه :
عوامل فرد ـ محيطي , فرهنگ ازدواج , نظريه اينگلهارت , دانشجويان دانشگاههاي سنندج
چكيده لاتين :
Intruduction
Marriage is an old religious and human tradition and it has publicized by religions and laws, historically. It is a contract by that man and woman share in life and thay make a family. The researches on matrimony in western socities show more tolerance about its values and process, like informal matrimony life, sexual relations befor marriage, and divorce; The traditional roles of ‘breadwinner man’ and ‘homemaker woman’ has changed. Because of modernizasion processes, these changed values have influenced devolping countries in last decades; and by making change in matrimony values, view on love, marriage culture, life style and everydaylife taste of people, terminate to some cultural problems and challenges. Sanandaj, the largest and most shanged city in Kurdistan of Iran, is exampolar society for researshe on this subject. The culture of sanandaj is affected by two hejemonic culture, synchronizly: the western and the home central culture. The main question of this study is changes rate in marriage culture in sanandaj, specialy in rural communities, regarding to globalizing of western culture. For serveing this problem, we have analyised rural students’ attitude to obligatioen to traditional culture of marriage. We studied effect of some variables, i.e geographical environment, Sex, education, looking Satellite channals and religious obligation on dependent one.
Matherial & Methods
In total, approaches ant explanations on changing in matrimony and family are dividable in two groups:
A) Structural approaches, for example ‘Modernization Theory’, that emphasize on the role of structural change in society evolutions.
B) Cultural approache, for example ‘Development Idealism Theory’, that emphasize on the role of cultural and values changes, like individualism, secularism, on family and matimony traditions.
Ronald Ingelhart, make his theoris in the frame of cultural approache. This theory that is result of four stag servey researches on global values in 85 societies, try to studies values and cultural changes. Ingelhart believs that the culture shows adaptation model of people with its environment. In other word, culture response to political, economic and technologic changes, in long time.
Ingelhrt’s theory has two hypotheses: 1) scarcity and 2) Socialization. Based on scarcity hypothesis, a people preference is refelection of his/her social and economic environment; he/she respects for the scarce things in his/her periphery. According to socilalization one, basic values of people is a mirror of their conditions and processes of socialization in growing years. The first hypothesis points to short time effects and the second to long time ones.
In summary, according to this theory, two factors of environment and individual caharachtristic play role in obligation to values and attitudes. Below figure is a schematic model of this theory:
This study uses servey method and for collects its datas by a questionnaire made by researchers. It processesed the datas by SPSS software and analyzed them by T.Test, Variance analysis and Regression. Statistical society included all students of Sanandaj universies (27,636 people). The sample of study, by Cocran model became 378 cases.
Discussion of Results & Conclusions
The results of study show that attitude of rural student is different to urban ones. Rural student are more obligated to traditional culture. This case is same about Religious obligation; Rural women and men have more obligations to marriage in contrast with urban women and men; Education has no significant effect on attitude to marriage, according to this study; Using the satellite make difference between urban and rural environment. This factor has a positive (direct) and significant effect on attitude of rural students about matrimony.
As as total result, we can say that there is distinction between rural and uraban students from the view point of attitudes to marriage culture; the rural students are more obligate to matrimony ceremonies and tradiotions. Regading to these results, the policymakers should have attention to dissimilarities between rural and urban people attitudes.
