بررسي آسيب‌شناسي پارك‌ها و فضاهاي سبز تفريحي شهر سنندج

A Pathological Study of Parks and Recreational Green Areas of Sanandaj

پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناخت آسيب‌شناسي پارك‌ها در شهر سنندج اجرا گرديد. به اين منظور پس از بررسي اجمالي تاريخچه موضوع و نظريه‌هاي مختلف موجود در اين زمينه، با استفاده از روش پيمايش و تدوين پرسشنامه‌اي مشتمل بر 30 سوال و در نمونه‌اي به حجم 105 نفر از شهروندان كه در 6 مورد از پارك‌هاي شهر سنندج حضور داشته‌اند، اقدام به جمع‌آوري اطلاعات گرديد. پردازش داده‌ها با تشكيل بانك اطلاعاتي و استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS در قالب جداول يك بعدي، دو بعدي نمودار و آزمون‌هاي آماري مختلف انجام شد. با توجه به نظم منطقي اين نتيجه جالب به دست آمد كه بين احساس امنيت درك شده از فضا و ميزان تردد و استفاده از آن فضا رابطه‌ مستقيمي وجود دارد. بررسي نتايج نشان داد كه بين هر كدام از معيارها (خوانايي محيط، روشنايي و پوشش گياهي) و احساس امنيت، ضريب همبستگي مثبت معني‌داري مشاهده شد، به طوري كه هر كدام از معيارها در رابطه مستقيم با احساس امنيت بودند. پاسخگويان 36.1 ? ميزان امنيت خود را بالا و 52.42 % ميزان شيوع جرايم اجتماعي را پايين ارزيابي نموده‌اند، نتايج نشان داد كه رابطه معناداري بين اين متغيرها وجود دارد؛ به طوري كه هر چه ميزان امنيت اجتماعي در سطح پارك‌ها بيشتر شود، ميزان شيوع جرايم اجتماعي، كاهش پيدا مي‌كند. در نهايت، راهكارهايي براي كنترل و مرتفع نمودن آسيب‌هاي اجتماعي در پارك‌هاي شهري سنندج ارايه شد.

Introduction Nowadays the social context of urban parks is quite important as people increasingly spend their leisure time in these parks. However, because of high population density, hiding corners such as below and within the vegetation, low light and lack of visibility at night, these parks may turn into secret places for crime. Size, location of the park, internal design, type of vegetation , and type of social groups who visit and use a park, are, among others, effective factors that influence the amount and degree of aforementioned crimes. The overall goal of this study is to recognize various social pathologies which are common in parks and other recreational green areas of Sanandaj, in order to plan, regulate and provide appropriate solutions for social aestheticization of landscape parks in this city. Materials and Methods This is a study based on survey which is a wide-scale research in the social sciences. This method, which is the most common and most widely used type of quantitative research, can help us present the collected data in a numerical analysis and is useful for purposes of description, explanation and even exploration. The statistical population includes all citizens of Sanandaj who are above the age of 15 years old and who referred to the Cityʹs parks. Sampling method is stratified random sampling and sample size was calculated through Cochranʹs formula. Overall, 105 individuals were selected to constitute sample size. Discussion of Results & Conclusions Based on descriptive results, women tend to avoid going to the parks at night because their sense of security is low. Generally speaking, going to park at nights is not popular because it is associated with low social status. In other words, people who spend their night at parks are considered to be either of low status or deviant. The results of the study show that each of the independent variables (readability, ambient lighting, and vegetation) have a meaningful and positive relationship with the sense of security, in such a way that whenever these variables are in a good shape, the most prevalent social offenses begin to reduce.