اندازه گيري فلزات روي و آهن در چنگر (Fulica atra) و گاماروس (Pontogammarus maeoticus) تالاب بين المللي گميشان

Measurement of Metals Zinc and Iron in Coot (Fulica atra) and Gammarus (Pontogammarus aaeoticus) From Wetlands International Gomishan

اين تحقيق به منظور پايش غلظت دو فلز سنگين روي و آهن در بافت كبد و كليه پرنده وحشي چنگر (30 قطعه)، گاماروس (42 قطعه)، ستون آب و رسوبات سطحي 3 ايستگاه در تالاب بين المللي گميشان در زمستان 1389 انجام شد. آماده سازي نمونه هاي آب، رسوبات سطحي، بافت‌هاي پرنده چنگر (Fulica atra) و گاماروس (Pontogammarus maeoticus) به ترتيب به روش‌هاي Water sampling،Standard methods ، AOAC و ASTM انجام و سپس غلظت فلزات روي و آهن توسط دستگاه جذب اتمي قرايت شد. نتايج نشان داد كه ميانگين غلظت فلز روي در كبد و كليه چنگر به ترتيب 9/14 و 4/13 و آهن 5/300 و 6/77 ميكروگرم بر گرم وزن‌تر بود. ميانگين غلظت روي و آهن در گاماروس به ترتيب 9/0 ± 4/5 و 2/1 ± 4/10 ميكروگرم بر گرم وزن‌تر محاسبه شد. آزمون همبستگي پيرسون نشان داد كه بين مقادير روي و آهن در گاماروس همبستگي بالا و معني دار وجود داشت (01/0 > p و 98/0=r). متوسط غلظت روي و آهن در آب به ترتيب 02/0 ± 11/0 و 15/0 ± 28/0 و در رسوبات سطحي 82/0 ± 68/2 و 54/0 ± 61/3 ميلي گرم بر ليتر بود. به طور كلي غلظت‌هاي فلزات سنگين روي و آهن در ستون آب، رسوبات سطحي، بافت كبد و كليه چنگر و گاماروس تالاب بين المللي گميشان پايين تر از حد سمي بود.

Wetlands food chains organisms due to high sensitivity to pollution as a biological monitoring are used for measuring heavy metals. Biological accumulations of these metals due to their toxicity and persistence have been detrimental to the survival of life species and are a serious danger for the stability of wetland ecosystems. Agricultural activities, industrial and urban waste water, including the way of entry these pollutants to the wetlands ecosystems. Heavy metals in water and sediments wetland maintenance and move along the food chain. This study was conducted to determine the heavy metal concentrations of zinc and iron in the liver and kidney tissues of wild bird coot, (30 pieces), Gammarus (42 pieces), water column and surface sediments of three stations of Gomishan international wetland in the winter 2011. Water samples, surface sediments, bird tissues and Gammarus (Pontogammarus maeoticus) were prepared by Water sampling, Standard methods, AOAC and ASTM, respectively. Then zinc and iron concentrations were measured by atomic absorption. Results showed that the mean zinc concentrations in the liver and kidneys of wild bird coot were, 14.9 ± 7.2 and 13.4 ± 6.2 respectively and average metal concentrations of iron in the liver and kidneys, 300.5± 76.6 and 77.6 ± 19.4 µg/g w.w, respectively. Mean concentrations of zinc and iron in body of Gammarus 5.4 ± 0.9 and10.4 ± 1.2 µg/g w.w were calculated. Pearson,s correlation test showed that between serum zinc and iron in Gammarus there was high and significant correlation ) P < 0.01 , r= 0/98.( The average concentrations of zinc and iron in water column were, 0.11 ± 0.02 and 0.28 ± 0.15 and in the surface sediments were 2.68 ± 0.82 and3.61 ± 0.54 ppm, respectively. Generally, zinc and iron concentrations in the water column, surface sediments, liver and kidney wild bird coot and Gammarus of Gomishan international wetland were below toxic levels.