فضاهاي عمومي و زندگي جمعي در شهر تاريخي ورامين

Public Spaces and Social Life in the Historic City of Varamin

هدف اصلي نوشتارِ حاضر بررسي و تحليل فضاهاي عمومي و زندگي جمعي در شهر تاريخي ورامين است.با عطف به پژوهش هاي ميداني، روايتي توصيفي-تحليلي از محتوا و كالبد فضاها و مكان هاي ورامين در قالب سه گونه ي اصلي (فضاهاي شهري، فضاهاي مذهبي، فضاهاي سبز) و يك گونه ي فرعي (فضاهاي غيررسمي و بالقوه) ارايه شده است. در انتها نيز از طريق مقابله ي يافته هاي ميداني با مباني نظري پژوهش، ويژگي ها و مشخصه هاي فضاهاي عمومي شهر ورامين بر مبناي معيارهاي سه گانه كالبدي، عملكردي و اجتماعي تعريف و تبيين مي گردند. بخش مركزي و قديمي ورامين را مي توان مهم‌ترين فضاي عمومي شهر در نظر گرفت؛ اين فضا بازتاب سويه‌هاي متعدد و متكثر مفهوم فضاي عمومي است، نظير: خريد، استراحت، تفريح، جامعه‌پذيري، خودجوشي و خودانگيختگي اجتماعي و ساير فضاها و مكان‌ها، هم چون ميدان عمروآباد،‌ پارك خانواده، و امامزداه حسين‌رضا، هريك، بنابر ماهيت و ويژگي‌هاي خويش، بيش‌وكم نمايانگر گوشه‌اي از ابعاد و جلوه‌هاي متكثرِ انگاره ي فضاي عمومي هستند.

As the word "public space" is used several times throughout this paper, before initializing the discussion, the concepts of and approaches towards public space is briefly and generally discussed here: public space could be considered as the realm for presence of people and as a physical-spatial response to their social, cultural, economic and political needs and appeal; a Physical response which sometimes is offered and finally generated as a down-up process by people themselves and sometimes made by authorities in the form of an up-down process. In fact, public spaces as an arena for social interaction, mixing and intercourse with people have undeniable role and importance in promoting quality of urban life, public coherence and correlation, sense of socializing, social self-motivation, public discourse and etc,. In lieu, people always give liveliness and a unique life to these spaces by their permanent or at times and accidental presence in these spaces either for planned aims like shopping or taking part in a particular ceremony, or rest and recreation, or to see and be seen, or to follow special customs and formalities in particular days or to pass to get to work and simultaneously looking at happenings and incidents of the urban show. The main purpose of this paper is to study and analyze public spaces and the social life in the historical city, Varamin. On this basis, it is aimed to represent a more or less clear image and perception of public spaces of Varamin through considering concepts and suppositions such as daily life, social interactions, companionship, faceto- face encounters, and so on. With regard to fieldwork, the descriptive-analytical narration of the content as well as physical characteristics of places and spaces of Varamin has been represented in the framework of three major types (Urban spaces, Religious spaces, Green spaces)and one minor type (potential public spaces). In conclusion, through a confrontation between fieldwork findings and theoretical rudiments, features and characteristics of Varamin is explained based on the three physical, functional and social criteria. The central and old part of Varamin can be considered as the most seminal public space of the city. This space can be understood as a context of emergence and manifestation of diverse aspects of the concept of the public space such as: social interactions, the sense of community, social self-motivation, and even shopping, relaxing and entertainment, looking , being seen and etc. Besides, other spaces and places such as Saint of Hoseynreza, the Family Park, Panzdah-e Khordad Park, Choub-Bori Square and so on, each of which is based on its nature and characteristics, partly representing a part of diverse dimensions and manifestations of the public space. Among these, studying and analyzing such spaces reveal that all with a more or less divergent intensity and weakness, apart from the quality of their physical-aesthetic facets and dimensions, as appealing urban settlements can be the arena to fulfill people’s social, cultural, economic and even political demands and aspirations; thus the stage to appear and crystallize an urban life show.