ارزيابي عملكرد مديريت محله محور با تاكيد بر شاخصه هاي سرمايه اجتماعي؛ مورد پژوهي: محلات 7 گانه ناحيه 1 منطقه 21 شهرداري تهران

Function Evaluation of Community Management by Focus in Indicators of Social Capital; Case Study: 7 Community of District 1, Region 21 Tehran

از اواسط دهه1980 ميلادي تاكنون توجه عمده مديريت شهري بر ظرفيت سازي محلي، تقويت رويكرد نهادي- سازماني و در نهايت حركت از نوعي مديريت متمركز به مديريت محلي معطوف شده است. بنابراين لزومِ«استفاده از ظرفيت هاي محله اي» و«بازتعريف نقش بازيگران و كنشگران مديريت شهري» در سطح محله اي، شناخت مفهوم«سرمايه اجتماعي» و كاركردهاي آن را در سطح محلي ضروري ساخته و به شكل گيري و اجراي الگويي جديد از مديريت شهري در سطح محلات به عنوان «مديريت محله محور» كمك كرده است. هدف اين پژوهش اين است كه با تاكيد بر شاخصه هاي سرمايه اجتماعي، عملكرد مديريت محله محور در سطح محلات 7گانه ناحيه1 شهرداري منطقه 21 تهران ارزيابي شود. بر اين اساس، دربخش مباني نظري كه شامل ارايه مفاهيم«مديريت محله محور»،«سرمايه اجتماعي» و«ارزيابي عملكرد مديريت محله محوربا تاكيد بر شاخصه هاي سرمايه اجتماعي» است؛ از روش تحليل داده هاي ثانويه(اسنادي) استفاده شده است و در بخش شناخت وتحليل از روش«پيمايش» استفاده مي شود. نتايج حاصل از پيمايش در محدوده پژوهش نشان مي دهد كه بين سرمايه اجتماعي و مديريت محله محور، همبستگي مثبت و معنا داري وجود دارد. كسب بيشترين امتياز در بعد سرمايه اجتماعي شناختي توسط شاخص آگاهي، نشان از تلاش هايي داشته كه در سطح محلات توسط مديريت محله محوردر راستاي اطلاع رساني صورت گرفته است.

Since the middle of 1980 the main focus of urban management is on the community potential making, improve the institutional-organizational approach and movement from a centralize management to a community base management. So it is needed to use from community potentials and redefine the designation of urban management players in community level to shape and implement a new method of urban management; as community-based management. It is so related to define the social capital concept and its functional base in local level to find how it can help the community-based management indeed. It is important that community base management work appropriate to improve the potentials of development .So establishing a performance appraisal system to evaluate it, may lead to better output. The social capital point of view when is defined in community, citizen is defined as a "capital" and it means the opportunity of doing task and participate volunteering to improve the function. In order to improve effectiveness and efficiency in local scale as named "community", it is important to do evaluate the community base management function. In other word tend to the role of "community" as "the basis of citizens interaction" and "the community- base management "as" the cooperator and guider of citizen potential and capitals" to defense the urban challenges it is needed to use social capital. Then to reach the point, it is needed to improve the basis of knowledge, trust, coherent and citizen participation and use social capital in community. The research goal is to evaluate the performance of community management by focus in indicators of social capital in 7 community of district 1 from region 21 Tehran. It does make a great attention from people of those residential places that are far from Tehran to participate in. This way we can ask that how social capital can improve "community base management" level? In this article we are trying to define community-based management, social capital and evaluate the function of community management by focus in indicators of social capital. The methodology for doing this research is descriptive and analytic as well as surveying method. Regarding the type, this research can be categorized as a functional one and it is a covariance research. According to the results of this survey, there is direct relationship between community-based management and social capital in district 1 of region 21.the top rate in cognition social capital for knowledge refers to the community- based management attempts to do information around the communities. Therefore, improve the level of social capital can help to improve the level of best function in community base management. So the suggestion emphasis on improving the efficiency and effectiveness in community base level by redefining the management structures, increase the level of citizen participation by defining new activities, improving the honesty, trust, knowledge, coherent by means of preparing places to get together more and make more events in local level and set out the report on how community is managing and what is needed to be better is needed.