ملاصدرا، فيلسوف ساقي نامه سرا

MullaSadra, philosopher and Saghi-nameh poet

ساقي نامه ها، يكي از انواع ادبي موثر در ادبيات فارسي است كه گفته مي شود شكل تحول يافته ي خمريات ادب عربي است و در سير تحولي خود با صبغه اي فلسفي، اخلاقي، عرفاني و انتقادي توسط شاعران ساقي نامه سراي فارسي عرضه شده است. اين نوع ادبي از جهت ساختار و محتوا داراي ويژگي هايي است كه كمابيش در اغلب آن ها تكرار مي شود. از جمله ي اين خصوصيات اشتمال بر بن مايه هاي اصيل متون عرفاني و كاربرد واژگان اهل تصوف و ادبيات مغانه چون ساقي و مي و جام و چنگ و مطرب و... مي باشد. با تامل در اشعار ملاصدرا، فيلسوف و حكيم نامدار عصر صفوي، دريافته مي شود كه اشعار وي بسياري از خصوصيات نوع ادبي ساقي نامه را دارا مي باشد. وي علاوه بر كاربرد واژگان، موضوعات و بن مايه ها ي اين نوع، به شرح و بيان ارزشمندترين آموزه هاي حكمي و عرفاني حكمت متعاليه، كه خود موسس آن بوده است، مي پردازد. اين پژوهش به شيوه ي تحليل محتوا، به توصيف و تبيين اشعار صوفيانه ي ملاصدرا از منظر خصوصيات كلي ساقي نامه ها مي پردازد و در پي پاسخ به اين سوال است كه آيا مي توان ملاصدرا را در شمار ساقي نامه سرايان ادب فارسي محسوب كرد؟

Saghi-nameh is one of the effective literary genres in Persian literature which is said to be the developed form of Khamriat of Arabic literature that in its developmental path is presented by various moral, philosophical and critical tones by Persian poets writing Saghi-nameh. This genre of literature has some content and structure characteristics that more or less have been repeated in most of them. These characteristics include having the essential motifs of Gnostic texts, using Sufi’s diction and magian literature, the words such as butler, wine, cup, harp, minstrel … and motifs such as the conflict between love and logic and taking advantage of opportunities. Astonishment, expressing immortality and complaining people, all are viewed in various tones and colors reflecting the poems of Mullasadra, the famous scholar and philosopher in Safavi period of time. It is been believed that his poems contain most of the features of Saghi-nameh genre. In addition to the butler in most of his verses, he mentions themes and motifs of Saghi-nameh in the poems while he is stating the most precious Gnostic lessons of Hekmat-e-Motealie (high wisdom) which he himself is its creator. This research describes and clarifies MullaSadra’s mystical poems and their contents in an analytic way from the general features of Saghi-namehview. This research is seeking to answer the question whether it is possible to consider Mullasadra among the poets of Saghi-nameh in Persian literature.