ترجمه شعر فروغ فرّخزاد في الوطن العربيّ

ترجمه ي شعر فروغ فرخزاد در وطن عربي

چكيده: اين مقاله مي كوشد تا تصويري از استقبال و پذيرش شعر فروغ فرخزاد (1935ـ 1966م) ،شاعر معاصر ايراني، به دست دهد و به تبيين ميزان توجه جهان عرب به شعر وي بپردازد. چه، ناقدان ايراني اتفاق نظر دارند كه شعر فروغ، نمونه اي روشن از دگرگوني شعر معاصر ايران از شكل كلاسيك به مدرن و شعر آزاد است؛ علاوه بر اينكه قصايد او در زمره ي بهترين قصايد معاصر فارسي است. اين پژوهش، ويژگي هاي شعر فروغ را برمي شمارد: سادگي واژگان و رواني و معنويت آن‌ها، فوران احساسات، فراواني نمادها و تنوع دلالت هاي آن ها و ايماژها و استعاره ها و تشبيهات فراوان، وانگهي موضوعات متنوع شعر فروغ در اين پژوهش بررسي شده كه از آن جمله است: سخن گفتن از معشوق و عشق و مرگ و نوميدي و بدبيني و يادكردن گذشته ي زيبا و دلتنگي براي زندگي خانوادگي و نقد جامعه و رسوم آن و... . پژوهش حاضر آنگاه به ترجمه هاي مختلف شعر فروغ به زبان عربي مي پردازد و به تبيين دلايل مترجمان در ترجمه ي بسياري از قصايد وي به عربي و علل تمركز آنان بر قصايدي خاص مي پردازد. اين پژوهش، همچنين ترجمه هاي مختلف مقطعي از شعر "ايمان بياوريم به آغاز فصل سرد" را بررسي كرده است. قصيده ي مزبور، بيشتر توجه مترجمان شعر فروغ را به خود جلب داده است. اين پژوهش به ويژگي هاي هر ترجمه و بيان نقاط ضعف و قوت آن ها نيز پرداخته و در پايان، خواستار توجه هرچه بيشتر به ترجمه ي اشعار فروغ شده است.

Abstract: This research tries to give a brief idea about receipting Furough Farroukhzadʹs poetry, and show how much interest it has got in the Arab World. Furough Farroukhzadʹs poetry was considered to be a sample of the evolution of Persian contemporary poetry, because this poet had moved in composing her poems from the classical way to the renovated one, and was also considered one of the best Persian contemporary poets. Her poetry has got many specific characters like: simplicity, plainness, fluidity, spirituality of words, the large quantity of inspirations, plenty of emotions, association of time and thoughts, repetition of words and using them in new creative phrases and structures, the multitude of symbols, variety of contents, and numerousness of pictures, images and figurations. Topics of her poetry varied between love and beloved, death, dissolution, desperation, loss of hope, pessimism, recalling the beautiful past, craving for family life, and criticizing the old traditions of her society. Publishing the Arabic translations of her poetry is divided into two major ways: selections and studies; as for selections, some of them were comptented in her poetry, and some others were among other Persian poems. Concerning the studies, they were either found in books, which are specialized in Persian poetry and literature, or in magazine articles, or in academic studies. Translatorsʹ choices of the poems translated were thoroughly discussed and some reasons of these choices were found; one was publicity and notability of the poems. Translations of "Letʹs Have Faith at the Beginning of the Cold Season", the most famous poem of Farroukhzad and the most translated one into Arabic, were studied in this research, and special characteristics of every translation together with their positive and negative points were concluded. Finally, there was a call to give Furough Farroukhzad the interest she deserves as an important, famous, and celebrated poet, who played an essential role in developing Persian poetry.