تحليل فلسفي- عرفاني وجوب و امكان در غزليات برگزيده بيدل دهلوي

Philosophical and Mystical Analysis of Necessity and Possibility in Selected Lyrics by Beedel Dehlavi

يكي از ويژگي‌هاي ادبيات، اشتمال آن بر مباني و اصول كلي علوم مختلف و به‌طوركلي مسايل ميان‌رشته‌اي است. در اين ميان، مباحث فلسفي، پيدايش و تكوين مخلوقات و موجودات و غيره، در كلام گويندگان و سرايندگان گذشته و معاصر، از اهميت بسزايي برخوردار است. خاصه كه اين مسايل از جنبه عرفاني و ماورايي نيز بررسي شوند و به نحوي ارتباط آن‌ها با جهان‌بيني خاص عرفا و صوفيان مورد تحليل قرار گيرد. بيدل دهلوي يكي از معدود شاعراني است كه در اشعار خود با تلفيق شالوده‌هاي فلسفي و نيز اصول و آموزه‌هاي عرفاني، به‌نوعي سبك شخصي دست يافته‌است و بيان وي از اين نظر شايسته تامّل و تدقيق است. وي شعر را آيينه حكمت و تاملات فلسفي خود قرار داده‌،و عليرغم عقيده عارفان مبني بر ناتواني لفظ در اداي معني، به‌‌خوبي توانسته است اين حقايق را در قالب الفاظ و استعارات دشوار و ديرياب سبك هندي به‌ تصوير بكشد. دراين پژوهش برآنيم تا جهان‌بيني خاص و منحصربه‌فرد وي را در آميختن اين دو مبحث (فلسفه و عرفان)، خصوصاً در مساله وجوب و امكان، تحليل نماييم.

One of the essential characteristics of literature, apart from the mental and spiritual rejoice, includes the fundamental and general principles of various sciences and interdisciplinary issues as a whole. In this regard, the philosophical debates such as the reality and origin of the world and heavens, continuity and cause, as well as the genesis and creation of creatures and created ones and the like, is of utmost importance within the past and present words of orators and composers. Especially once these issues are investigated mystically and metaphysically in a way that their relationship with the special worldview of mystics and Sufis is analyzed. Beedel Dehnavi is one of the few poets who have achieved his own style in poetry through the combination of philosophical foundations as well as mystical and educational mysticism, thereby his own remarks deserves reflection and scrutiny. He has supposed poetry to be the reflection of philosophy and philosophical consideration, and despite the mysticsʹ ideas over the inability of words to convey meaning, he has well been able to draw the picture the realities in the form of difficult and rare Indian style metaphors and terminologies. This paper tries to analyze and study over the existence and non-existence philosophical and mystical roots within ten selected lyrics out of his own Divan-e-Ghazaliyat (Anthology of Lyrics). In fact, it is tries to analyze the special and exclusive worldview in combination with the two topics of philosophy and mysticism, especially involving necessity and possibility. Key words: Beedel; criticism; philosophy; mysticism; necessity; possibility.