مقايسه اثربخشي رهبري مديران ورزشي

Determining validity and reliability of the questionnaire barriers and incentives audience behavior for sports

مطالعات نشان داده است موفقيت سازماني در گرو رهبري اثربخش است. اين امر در كليه سازمانها از جمله سازمان هاي ورزشي صادق است. بنابراين، هدف اصلي اين تحقيق مقايسه اثربخشي رهبري مديران ورزشي بود. جامعه آماري اين تحقيق شامل كليه مديران وزارتخانه ورزش و جوانان، كميته ملي المپيك و پاراالمپيك، آكادمي ملي المپيك و فدراسيون هاي ورزشي (331=N) بوده كه با استناد به جدول مورگان، 180 نفر با روش نمونه گيري طبقه اي متناسب با حجم، به عنوان نمونه آماري تحقيق انتخاب شدند. جمع آوري اطلاعات، با استفاده از پرسش نامه محقق ساخته 36 سوالي اثربخشي رهبري و تجزيه و تحليل داده ها نيز با استفاده از روش آماري تحليل واريانس يك طرفه و آزمون تعقيبي LSD انجام شد. نتايج نشان داد بين اثربخشي رهبري نهادهاي مختلف ورزشي كشور تفاوت معناداري وجود دارد (05/0p < )، بطوريكه اثربخشي رهبري مديران فدراسيون ها از مديران ساير نهادهاي ورزشي بيشتر است. با توجه به نتايج حاصل از اين پژوهش لازم است برنامه هايي در جهت تقويت اثربخشي رهبري در نهادهايي كه ميانگين اثربخشي رهبري مديران آنها پايين تر بود، اجرا گردد.

The aim of this study is to Determine validity and reliability of the questionnaire barriers and incentives for sports fans. Statistical population of this study were Persepolis and Esteghlal derby fans of seventy-sixth (N=100000). Morgan table calculated the size of statistical sample 384 people who were selected randomly. Measurement Instrument was a questionnaire 89-item audience behavior (Yu, 2010) which contains included five general factors (internal motivators, internal constraints, external motivator, external constraints and behavioral measures). Pointing method of questions was based on Likert range seven options (strongly disagree=1 to strongly agree=7). Face and content validity of questionnaire was accepted after translation by professors of sport management and specialists. Statistical methods were descriptional indexes for describing data, Cronbach`s alpha for determining reliability, Test (KMO) and Bartlettʹs to determine the adequacy of sampling, Confirmatory factor analysis to determine the validity and T one-sample test in order to examine differences of the averages the software SPSS and LISREL was used. Analytical results showed (0.92) reliability for audience behavior questionnaire. All questions had a significant relationship with their agents in reliability of Structure, the amount of relationship and T-value, and they could be a good predictor for their agents. X2/df=2.76, RMSEA=0.074 indexes and NFI=0.98, NNFI=0.92, CFI=0.94, GFI=0.99 and AGFI=0.90 confirmed the goodness of models. Also, the results about the relations of factors with the meaning of audience behavior showed that all factors could be a good predictor for the concept of audience behavior, finally internal and external validity of audience behavior model was accepted.