مطالعه و تاملي بر رويكرد آلبر كامو به معناي زندگي

The Study of Albert Camus’s Approach to the Meaning of Life

آدمي براي زيستن در جهان نيازمند دليل است. به تعبير ديگر «براي» چه هدفي هستيم و بايد زندگي كنيم؟ اگر اين «براي» نباشد، انسان از جهت‌دهي به فعاليت‌هاي روزمره خود ناتوان خواهد بود. اما همه سخن بر سر اين است كه اين «براي» را از كجا مي‏توان آورد؟ آيا اين «براي» در ساختار طبيعت نهاده شده و بايد آن را جستجو و كشف كرد؟ و يا اينكه اين «براي» عينيتي نداشته و تنها وابسته به شخص subjective بوده و هر كس بايد يك «براي» براي زندگي خود تعريف كند؟ بر اين اساس اين سوال قابل طرح است كه آيا معنا امري فراطبيعي است و يا اينكه مي‌توان با طرد عناصر متافيزيكي، همچنان از معناداري زندگي سخن گفت؟ آلبر كامو يكي از انديشمندان سده بيستم است كه از منظري ويژه، مسيله معناي زندگي را مطرح كرده و با منحصر ساختن زندگي در همين زيست جهان، معناداري زندگي را پذيرفته است، كه در اين مقاله باتوجه به نظريه اگزيستانسياليسم و فلسفه پوچي به اين موضوع پرداخته خواهد شد.

Human beings need a compelling reason to live. In other words, "for what" purpose are we here and why should we live? If there is no "for", human beings will be incapable of doing their everyday activities and will not know how to spend their lives. However, all discussions are about this question: where can we access this "for"? Is this "for" placed in the nature of human beings and should we achieve this by search and exploration? Or is it that this "for" has no objectivity and is a subjective matter and every person has a unique definition of it for his life? In other words, is the meaning of life an exploratory issue or is it independent of human beings? Or it is an issue dependent on the subject who should create it creatively? In case that each one of these ideas is considered, what is the method and possibilities of such exploration or creation? An even more important question which is presented in line with the previous questions is whether basically meaning is a supernatural issue or does it belong to a field other than life in this world? In this arena, Albert Camus is one of the 20th century scholars who presents the issue of the meaning of life from a particular perspective and by removing metaphysical ideas and limiting life to this world, accepts the meaningfulness of life.