بررسي تنگناهاي ژيومورفولوژيكي و تاثير آن بر توسعه فيزيكي شهر با استفاده از GIS و روش AHP (مطالعه موردي: شهر گيوي(

An analysis geomorphological hazards and effect on physical development of the city using GIS and AHP method (Case Study: GiviCity)

رشد شهرها و تاثيرات حاصل از آن بر محيط پيرامون، توام با پيامدهاي خاص است كه متاسفانه اكثر آن‌ها جنبه و ماهيتي منفي دارند، اما با شناخت و آگاهي از نواحي و بررسي پارامترهاي مسلط به ناحيه و منطقه و به‌كارگيري و استفاده بهينه از علوم و فن آوري هاي جديد مي‌توان به سمت توسعه پايدار حركت كرد و كاملاً مشخص است جغرافيا و شاخه‌هاي بسيار مهم آن به ويژه ژيومورفولوژي به عنوان علم تخصصي و كابردي مي‌تواند در اين فرايند نقش بسيار مهمي را ايفا كند. در پژوهش حاضر به بررسي مخاطرات و تنگناهاي ژيومورفولوژيكي كه در روند توسعه فيزيكي شهر مورد مطالعه، تاثير دارند پرداخته شده است. اين شهر خصوصاً گيوي سفلا به دليل قرارگيري در بستر جغرافيايي نامناسب همواره مخاطرات ژيومورفولوژيكي آن را تهديد مي‌كند كه پرداختن به اين مخاطرات مهم‌ترين هدف اين پژوهش مي‌باشد. براي نيل به مقصود از مدل تحليل سلسله مراتبي (AHP) استفاده شده است. نتايج نهايي به دست آمده حاصل از تحقيق نشان مي‌دهد كه، از ميان هفت عامل در نظر گرفته‌شده، عامل شيب با بيشترين وزن(4251/0) و عامل جهت شيب با كمترين وزن(0262/0)، به ترتيب بيشترين و كمترين تاثير را در توسعه فيزيكي شهردارند. در نهايت تمامي پارامترها بعد از همپوشاني وزني در محيط ArcGIS در پنج كلاس، از كاملاً مناسب تا كاملاً نامناسب تهيه گرديد. به طوري كه شمال غرب و غرب شهر مكان‌هاي كاملاً مناسب و شرق شهر مكان‌هاي كاملاً نامناسب براي توسعه فيزيكي شهرمي باشد.

Introduction The study areais located inʹ38 °37 to ʹ45 °37 E and ʹ45 °48 to ʹ23 °48 N in Ardabil Province.The city Giviconsists of two areas, namelyare lower Givi and upper Givi. The lower Givi is slope above and position upper GiviDensity Contour and slopegreatly reduced. Most of the geological formations Marn and sandstone covers of themes. The city located on the formationthe location of faults so thatthe passes of theregion upper Givi and the oflowerGivi. Methodology Each of the parameters considered for the study area order of priority include is: Slope, hypsometry, distance to fault, distance to rivers, lithology, and land use and slope aspect.Prioritizedwas carried according to the characteristics of the physical parameter area, the expert. Thus, following the preparation of the individual layersbecame in ArcGIS from the Raster toVector and then, according to was prioritized and weighted. Using the AHP model of the desired layer after comparisons and the coupling matrix was obtained the final weight of each layer. Finally was prepared overly layers weighted by the final mapPhysical development of optimal locations of the five class, completely appropriately, relatively good,Indifferent,relatively poor, completely inappropriatein ArcGIS. Results and Discussion The results of the final map,have been classified from the overlap of the weighting for the physical development of the studyinto five classes, shows that a total of about 52 square kilometers,17 square kilometers, which includes the range of 32.6%, absolutely perfect location.14.2 km ² (27.2 %) in the appropriate location, 9.8 km² (18.7 %) in place of indifference, 5.4 km² (11.4%) is relatively inconvenient location, and 9.2% of the total area of 5.8 km² whichincludesabsolutely perfect location. Lower Givi in the state of due to improper slopefalling and falling rubble threatens all parts of the city and near the river and through the center of the fault and also due to the lithology, lithologic resistant and were disappointed Loose. In addition to the dam upstream Lower Givi, is Just completely inappropriatein the risk fault (200-0) meter that in the event of an earthquake with a Richter scalewill be shake up the damaged wall of the dam, It will be very risky for the construction. So in their proper physical development and also to minimize risks and to develop standards for the Physical citystoppedShould any construction in the area (Lower Givi) and future developmentbe in the area of upper Givi. Therefore, recommended that relevant authorities to speed up the process, apart from not being licensed, lower Givi prohibitsis any construction to notification citizens of risks threatening and providing recreational facilities and infrastructure and the transfer of certain state departments and institutions -Mostly concentrated in the lower Givi- encourage the upper Givi people to the construction of this Part.