جستاري در عقايد و آموزه‌هاي ساي‌بابا؛ نقد و بررسي كلامي

An Inquiry into the Doctrines and Teachings of Sri Sathya Sai Baba ؛ a Theological Review

اين مقاله به بررسي اجمالي زندگي سَتْهيه ساي بابا و مهم‌ترين آموزه‌هاي او، تبيين و شباهت‌ها و تفاوت‌هاي آن با اديان و مكاتب معنوي هند، به‌ويژه مكتب هندويي ادوَيته وِدَه‌نته (Advaita Vedanta) و آموزه‌هاي عرفا و بزرگان سلف او مانند ساي باباي شْريدي مي‌پردازد. به نظر مي‌رسد بيشتر آموزه‌هاي وي ريشه در مكاتب باستاني هندي و تعاليم شخصيت‌هاي مشهور پيش از خودش دارد، كه ساي بابا آنها را در قالبي امروزي بيان كرده‌ است. با نقد و بررسي آموزه‌ها و دعاوي مهم وي، يعني اينكه تجسد خداوند است و اعمال فوق بشري انجام مي‌دهد، اين نتيجه حاصل مي‌شود كه هيچ‌يك از تعاليم وي از منظر خداشناختي، جهان‌شناختي و نجات‌شناختي، با تعاليم الهي سنخيتي ندارد. همچنين اعمال به ظاهر جادويي وي نيز، اولاً، در بسياري از موارد ثابت شده كه چيزي جز تردستي نيست و ثانياً، حتي اگر واقعيت نيز مي‌داشت داعيه خدا بودن وي را ثابت نمي‌كرد.

This paper provides a brief account of Sri Sathya Sai Babaʹs religious life and his most important teachings, his movement and its similarities and differences with other Indian denominations and schools, in particular, the Hindu school of Advaita Vedanta and the teachings of its mystics and leadersʹ like Say Baba Sharidi. It seems that most of his teachings have their roots in in Indian ancient schools and the doctrines of well-known figures before him. However they are presented by Sai Baba in a more modern fashion. Studying his important teachings and his claim that he is the reincarnation of Sai Baba of Shirdi and has supernatural powers, it is concluded that none of his teachings correspond with divine teachings from the view point of theology, cosmology and soteriology. Furthermore, his apparently magical actions have been proved to be nothing more than but legerdemain, and even if they were real, they couldnʹt prove his claim to divinity.