بن‌مايه‌هاي تفسيري ـ كلامي امامت در قصص قرآن در كلام شيخ مفيد

The Exegetical-Theological Thematics of Imamate in the Noble Quran Narratives

جستار حاضر مي‌كوشد تا بن‌مايه‌هاي تفسيري ـ كلامي امامت را در قصص قرآن از منظر شيخ مفيد بررسي و تبيين نمايد. بررسي‌ها در ميراث علمي شيخ مفيد نشان مي‌دهد كه اعلم بودن، صدور معجزه، عصمت و محدَّث بودن از مهم‌ترين بن‌مايه‌هاي كلامي در حوزه شرايط و لوازم امامت در قصص قرآن است و از سوي ديگر پنهاني بودن ولادت امام عصر ، تصدي مقام امامت در كودكي، غير عادي نبودن غيبت، طول عمر امام عصر ، عدم تعارض حديث «من مات و هو لا يعرف امام زمانه مات ميته جاهليّه» با غيبت امام، استمرار نياز به امام در حال غيبت نيز از مهم‌ترين بن‌مايه‌هاي كلامي در حوزه مسايل تخصصي مهدويت در قصص قرآن از نگاه شيخ مفيد است. بررسي شبهه انحصار معجزه به انبيا نيز از ديگر مباحث اين نوشتار است.

Sheikh Mufid is one of the great Imami jurisprudents, mujtahidin, theologians and muhadithin in the 3rd and 4th A.D that it can be seen intellectualization and flowering of Ijtihad in his precious record in the different fields of Islamic sciences. His interpretative opinions in the field of the Quran exegesis like other fields show obviously his ijtihad in interpreting of the noble Quran which his theological interference from the noble Quran narratives on Imamate is one of the most obvious backgrounds in his creativity and innovation in determining theological subjects of imamate and answering its obscurities. Therefore, this paper endeavors to determine and study the exegetical- theological themaics of Imamate in the noble Quran narratives. The studies in his scientific heritage of sheikh Mufid show (enlighten) that the most learned, performing miracles, infallible, being addressed by God are of theological thematics in the field of circumstances and necessities of Imamate in the Quran narratives and from the other side being concealed the birthday of our Age Imam (peace be upon him), mastering of Imamate in childhood, the norm of absence of Imam, the length of the life of the Imam of the Age , there is no conflict between the tradition “who dies but does not know the Imam of his time will have died the death of ignorance” and the absence of the Imam of the Age ,continuing necessity to the Imam in the time of absence are of the most important theological thematics in the professional field of Mahdaviat in the noble Quran narratives in the discourse of Sheikh Mufid. The study of the obscurity of the restriction of performing miracles to prophets is of the other subjects of this note. Key words: The Quran narratives, Imamate, Sheikh Mufid, Theological interpretation, Theological exegesis.