خصوصيات زايشي و رويشي اكوتيپ‌هاي عناب (Ziziphus jujube) در استان گلستان

Reproductive and Vegetative Characteristics of Ziziphus jujube Ecotypes of Golestan Province

Jujube (Ziziphus jujube) belongs to Rhamnaceae family. It is considered not only for medicinal usage, but also is cultivated as an ornamental plant due to its beautiful leaves and trunk. The first step in a plant breeding program is to collect native genotypes of a plant in a region and evaluate them for selection of superior genotypes. Jujube is grown naturally in some areas of Iran, as well as in Golestan province. In the present study ten ecotypes of jujube grown in this province were collected from different areas and their phonological and morphological traits as well as some fruit characteristics and qualitative factors such as vitamin C, pH and total soluble solids (SST) were evaluated during years 2009 to 2011. Different vegetative, morphogic and fruit traits such as flowering thme, branch angle. Length of one year old branch, number of thorn on branch, fruit weight, length and width, stone weight and length, flesh weight, flesh/stone ratio, vitamin C, TSS and fruit pH were measured based on jujube descry. The results showed a high diversity for different traits among the ecotypes. The results also showed that vegetative traits were affected considerably by geographical and climatical factors. Ecotypes prown in west of the province where humidity is high, showed characteristics different from those grown in eastern regions. Fruit characteristics were also influenced by environmental factors.