تحليل نتايج رفتار (بخل، ميانه روي، اسراف) براساس ادبيات اسلامي

Analyzing Behavior (jealousy, moderation, and wasting) Consequences Based on the Islamic Literature

اين پژوهش با هدف مشخص كردن نتايج بخل، ميانه روي و اسراف انجام پذيرفت. براي دستيابي به اين مهم، مفاهيم بخل، ميانه روي و اسراف بر اساس متون اسلامي مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت كه حاصل آن دستيابي به نتايج هر كدام از رفتارهاي بخيلانه، مسرفانه و ميانه رو است. نتايج رفتارهاي سه-گانه در قالب يك الگوي سنجش چهار سطحي متشكل از مفاهيم (بخل، ميانه‌روي و اسراف)، ابعاد (فردي ـ اجتماعي)، عوامل (دنيوي - اُخروي) و شاخصها، سازماندهي شد. براي رفتارهاي سه‌گانه، 140 نتيجه به دست آمد. از نظر كمي، بخل 31%، ميانه‌روي 43% و اسراف 26%، نتايج را به خود تخصيص مي‌دهد. از مجموع نتايج، 83% فردي و 17% اجتماعي است. هم چنين از مجموع نتايج، 81% دنيوي و 19% اخروي است. نتايج تحقيق نشان مي‌دهد كه نه تنها بيشتر نتايج هر كدام از رفتارهاي سه‌گانه فردي است (بخل با نتايج فردي 84%، ميانه‌روي با نتايج فردي 82% و اسراف با نتايج فردي 84%)، بلكه همان‌طور كه الگوي ساختاري تحقيق نشان مي‌دهد، همه نتايج هر كدام از رفتارهاي سه‌گانه چه در دنيا (تحت تاثير نتايج دنيوي اجتماعي) و چه در آخرت (تحت تاثير نتايج فردي دنيوي و نتايج اجتماعي اخروي) نهايتاً به خود فرد يعني عامل رفتار بر مي‌گردد.

The research has been done with the aim of determining effects and consequences of jealousy, moderation, and wasting. To achieve such important goal the concepts of jealousy, moderation, and wasting were studied according to the Islamic texts whose results led to the effects and consequences of the behaviors of jealousy, moderation, and wasting. The effects and consequences of these three-fold behaviors were organized in the frame of a four-level assessment pattern including the concepts of “jealousy, moderation, and wasting”, the dimensions of “personal-social”, “worldly-heavenly” factors, and indices. 140 consequences were obtained for three-fold behaviors. Jealousy, moderation, and wasting allocate %31, %43, and %26 of the quantitative outcomes to themselves respectively. From the whole results %83 are personal and %17 are social. Also, from the whole results %81 are worldly and %19 are heavenly. The outcomes of the research display that not only most of the outcomes of the three-fold behaviors are personal (jealousy with personal results %84, moderation with personal results %82, and wasting with personal results %84), but also, as the research structural pattern indicates, all of the three-fold behaviors outcomes, whether in this world (impressed by worldly social consequences) or in the hereafter ( impressed by personal worldly consequences and social heavenly consequences), come back to the person himself, finally.