كاوشي در حقوق زارع در برابر مالك زمين

A Research on Farmer Rights to Landowners

زارع، شخصي است كه با رضايت ديگري در زمين او با ابزارها و امكانات خويش كشاورزي مي‌كند. محصولي كه با دسترنج زارع به دست مي‌آيد، ميان مالك و زارع مشترك است. سهم مالك از منافعْ بابت مالكيت او بر زمين، و سهم زارع از منافعْ بابت كار و ابزارآلات و هزينه‌هايي است كه براي دستيابي به محصول به كار برده است. پس از پايان قرارداد آنچه در زمين ايجاد شده شامل درخت، بنا، ريشه‌هاي قابل بقا و... متعلّق به زارع مي‌باشد. اين مالكيت، حق تقدم در استفاده از زمين را براي او به وجود مي‌آورد كه در قوانين به صراحت بيان نشده است. حق يادشده باعث مي‌شود رابطه ميان زارع و مالك زمين بعد از پايان قرارداد نيز ادامه يابد و هيچ يك از طرفين نتواند يك‌طرفه آن را منحل نمايد.

A farmer is a person who farms with his instruments and implements in the land of someone else with his consent. The crop which is obtained by the farmer’s work is contributed to both the farmer and the landowner on a share- cropping. The landowner’s share of profits is for his possession of land and the farmer’s share of profits for his work and tools and the expenses which he has done to run his operation. After the end of the contract, what have been produced which are included trees, buildings, Utilizable roots and etc. in the land for the farmer. This ownership causes the right of priority for the farmer in land use which it has not been mentioned clearly in laws. The determined right leads to continue the relationship between the farmer and the landowner after the end of the contract and none of them is able to cancel it one-sided. Key words: Farmer, Landowner, Farmer rights, The right of priority, The right of cultivating root.