بررسي ديدگاه هواداران تيم هاي فوتبال اهواز در‌خصوص عوامل مؤثر بر بروز پرخاشگري

Study of Affecting Factors leading to Aggression from the Viewpoint of Football Fans in Ahwaz

افزایش بروز پرخاشگری در بین تماشاگران فوتبال، مورد توجه بسیاری از جامعه­شناسان و متخصصین تربیت‌بدنی قرار گرفته است. هدف این پژوهش،شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر بروز پرخاشگریاز دیدگاه هواداران دو تیم بزرگ استقلال اهواز و فولاد خوزستان بود (6500N=) كه 354نفر به‌عنوان نمونۀ پژوهش انتخاب شدند. نتایج نشان داد چهار عوامل در بروز پرخاشگری اهمیت دارند كه به‌ترتیب شامل عوامل مرتبط با وضعیت ایمنی و بهداشتی استادیوم با میانگین 89/2، عوامل مرتبط با داوری با میانگین 51/2، عوامل مرتبط با پوشش رسانه­ای با میانگین 39/2 و عوامل مرتبط با مدبریت برگزاری مسابقات با میانگین 21/2 می­باشند. بر‌اساس نتایج پژوهش پیشنهاد می­شود مسئولین هیأت­ فوتبال استان و فدراسیون فوتبال با برنامه‌ریزی مناسب و حذف عوامل مزاحم، میزان وقوع رفتارهای پرخاشگرانه را در بین هواداران مشتاق و علاقه­ مند به حداقل برسانند.

Many of sociologist and physical education specialist are concerned about increasing the aggression among the football fans. The aim of this study was identification of effective factors leading to aggression from viewpoints of the fans of Foulad Khuzestan and Esteghlal Ahvaz football teams (N=6500). Sampling was randomly which 354 subjects were selected. Methodology of this study was descriptive survey, which was done by field study. for gathering data, a questionnaire about individual characteristics and a self-administered questionnaire consisted of 30 questions with five-point Likert scale were used, which grouped in four area related to the status of the stadium safety and hygiene, refereeing, media coverage and event management. Construct validity of questionnaire was calculated 0.871 through factor analysis, and reliability was calculated 0.874 by using Cronbachʹs alpha. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (one sample t-test, Friedman ranking test, Kendall correlation coefficient) were used to data analyzes. The results showed from fans’ viewpoints, all of four groups of factors are significant in the incidence of aggression; in order factors related to stadium safety and hygiene with mean 2.89, factors related to refereeing with mean 2.51,   factors related to media coverage with mean 2.39 and factors related to management and planning of matches with mean 2.21. Based on these results it is suggested that official’s football association in province and football federation can minimize the incidence of aggressive behaviors among eager and interested fans, through proper planning and eliminating barriers factors.