تحليل شرايط اقليمي آسايش استان سمنان جهت امكان سنجي توسعه توريسم با تاكيد بر شاخص TCI

The Analysis of Climatic Conditions as an Indication of Welfare in Semnan Province for the Assessment of Tourism Development with an Emphasis on TCI Index

جهانگردي از مهمترين فعاليّتهاي انسان معاصر است كه همراه با به وجود آمدن تغييرات و تحولات بنيادي در سيماي زمين، اوضاع سياسي، اقتصادي و فرهنگي، روش زندگي انسان را دگرگون مي سازد. دارا بودن شرايط مطلوب گردشگري جز مزيت ها و توان هاي بالقوه براي گردشگري محسوب مي شود. تكنيك هاي گوناگوني براي ارزيابي توانهاي اقليمي مناطق توريستي وجود دارد، در تحقيق حاضر با استفاده از شاخص TCI به ارزيابي اقليم توريسمي شهر سمنان پرداخته شده است. ميچكوفسكي (1985) از بعد اثر زيست اقليم بر گردشگري شاخصي را تحت عنوان شاخص اقليم گردشگري(TCI) معرفي نموده است. اين شاخص تركيبي، عناصر اقليمي كه بيشترين ارتباط باكيفيت تجربه گردشگري براي غالب گردشگرها دارد را بطور منظم ارزيابي مي كند. با توجّه به نقشه ها و روند سالانه با توجّه به نتايج حاصل از مدل TCI مي توان چنين اظهار نظر نمود كه در شهر سمنان، وضعيت گرمايي در فصل زمستان در حدّ آسايش (قابل قبول تا عالي) قرار دارد. فصل بهار دماي هوا وضعيت اقليم گردشگري خوب تا خيلي خوب مي باشد و در اواخر بهار و دو ماه اول تابستان شرايط اقليمي براي گردشگري خارج از حدّ آسايش مي باشد.

Tourism is one of the most important activities for the contemporary people and is vital for changes and developments to take place in the World. It changes man’s cultural, economical and political conditions. Having desirable tourism condition is a part of the potential advantages and abilities of this industry. There are different techniques for the assessment of climatic potential in tourist areas. In the current research, the researchers have made an attempt to assess the tourism areas based on tourism climate index. These indexes assess climatic conditions for tourism. In this research, to analyze the statistics of the province’s climatology and pluviometer station, there has been an attempt to use stations which have been under investigation for a period of at least fifteen years .To calculate TCI, monthly maximum average and daily mean temperature, minimum relative humidity, precipitation, total sunshine hours and wind speed were used. This study analyzed stations’ data, trying to use stations which had gathered data of at least fifteen years. Determining TCI in the study area was carried out applying interpolated five important parameters in the raster format and in a linear way. The model was a spatial analyst-raster one. In the annual scale, the results of the research indicated that the area is experiencing different situations; however, the conditions in autumn and winter climate are the most suitable compared with those in other seasons. And the end of spring to the mid of summer conditions are the most desirable.