الگوي توزيع فضايي مصرف كالاهاي ضروري در سبد مصرفي خانوارهاي روستايي ايران

Spatial distribution pattern of the essential goods consumption in rural consumption basket in Iran

هدف اين مقاله، ارزيابي چگونگي توزيع فضايي هزينه كالاهاي ضروري و سنجش ضريب حساسيت قيمتي و درآمدي برخي اقلام عمده مصرفي، در سبد مصرفي خانوارهاي روستايي كشور مي باشد. در اين راستا، با استفاده از رويكرد سيستم معادلات ديفرانسيلي تايل مبتني بر ماتريس برتن، حساسيت قيمتي و درآمدي براي گروه‌هاي‌ فقير، غني و ثروتمند روستايي محاسبه شده است. يافته هاي تحقيق مويد اين است كه بيشترين هزينه نان در روستاهاي ايران مربوط به استان آذربايجان شرقي و اردبيل، بيشترين هزينه قند و شكر در روستاهاي ايران مربوط به كرمانشاه و اردبيل، بيشترين هزينه گوشت مربوط به روستاهاي اردبيل و خوزستان و بيشترين هزينه برنج مربوط به روستاهاي استان فارس و گيلان مي باشد. همچنين نتايج تحقيق حاكي است كه حساسيت قيمتي كالاهاي اساسي برنج، قند و شكر، نان و گوشت براي گروه‌ خانوارهاي فقير روستايي ايران طي دوره 1353-1390 به ترتيب برابر 660/1-، 289/0-، 471/0-و 861/0- بوده است. حساسيت قيمتي كالاهاي اساسي برنج، قند و شكر، گوشت و نان براي گروه‌ خانوارهاي متوسط روستايي ايران به ترتيب برابر 972/1-، 332/0-، 449/0-و 840/0- و حساسيت قيمتي كالاهاي اساسي برنج، قند و شكر، گوشت و نان براي گروه‌ خانوارهاي غني روستايي ايران به ترتيب برابر 381/1-، 486/0-، 448/0-و 884/0- بوده است.

Introduction All governments through different policies, laws, and regulations try to deal with distribution issue and demand distinct distribution . Every community encounters with its own laws .Distributive justice notion tries to offer strategy regarding relevant alternatives. The proponents of “discrependency principle” contend changing policies and laws toward the betterment of low income groups. The major research questions are as follows: Does distribute justice exist in the essential goods consumption of rural settlers of Iran’s province? How is the consumption pattern of different income groups in Iran? How is the price and income sensitivity associated with this group? Spatial distributive analysis regarding the consumption of essential goods and systematic demand function were applied for this purpose. Methodology The needed data is associated with bread, rice, meat, and both granulated and cub sugar costs obtained from 1974-2011 statistics. They were extracted from statistical hand book of rural households incomes and costs using prime price indices of central bank. Moreover, differential demand functions were applied for the measurement of price sensitivity coefficient. E views software were used for the estimation of the statistical model. Conclusion This study suggests that the price sensitivity regarding rice, sugar, bread and meat associated with poor rural settlers during 1974-2011 time period were 1.660- 0.289, 0.471 and -0.861 respectively. These figure pertaining to rural middle class determined to be 1.972, 0.332, 0.449 and 0.840 respectively. Associated figures for rural well-off settlers were 1.381, 0.486, 0.448 and 0.884.