بررسي توانمندي زنان روستايي در بهبود امنيت غذايي خانوار در شهرستان ديواندره

Rural Womenʹʹs Empowerment in Improving Household Food Security in the Divandarreh County

هدف: با توجه به نقش با اهميت زنان روستايي در امنيت غذايي هدف اصلي اين پژوهش شناسايي توانمندي‏ زنان روستايي در بهبود امنيت غذايي بود. روش: داده‏هاي مورد نياز تحقيق از طريق پرسشنامه از ميان زنان متاهل روستايي شهرستان ديواندره گردآوري شد كه 213 نفر از آنان به روش نمونه‏گيري طبقه‏اي تصادفي انتخاب گرديد روايي پرسشنامه از طريق پانل متخصصان امنيت غذايي و اعضاي هييت علمي گروه مديريت و توسعه كشاورزي و پايايي آن از طريق آلفاي كرنباخ و پايايي تركيبي مورد تاييد قرار گرفت. يافته‏ها: نتايج تحقيق نشان داد كه خانوارهاي مورد مطالعه از نظر امنيت غذايي در وضعيت مطلوبي قرار ندارند همچنين، نتايج تحليل همبستگي نشان داد كه بين تمامي ابعاد توانمندي (اقتصادي، اجتماعي و روان‌شناختي) زنان روستايي با امنيت غذايي خانوار آنان رابطه مثبت و معني‏داري وجود دارد. علاوه بر اين، نتايج مدلسازي معادلات ساختاري پژوهش نشان داد كه ابعاد توانمندي زنان روستايي با ضريب تبيين 83 درصد (?= 0.91, t= 10.90) اثر مثبت و معني‏داري بر امنيت غذايي خانوار دارد. راهكار عملي: به دليل ضعف مالي زنان روستايي پيشنهاد مي‏شود درزمينه ي بهبود توانمندي زنان روستايي و دسترسي آنان به اعتبارات و منابع مالي از طريق ايجاد و توسعه تعاوني‏ها و موسسه‏هاي اعتباري خرد كه از تامين وام‏هاي كوچك براي زنان روستايي كم درآمد حمايت مي‏كنند بسيار توصيه مي‏گردد. اصالت و ارزش: در پژوهش حاضر توانمندي‏هاي زنان روستايي در ابعاد مختلف كه در بهبود امنيت غذايي تاثيرگذار است شناسايي شد نتايج اين پژوهش مي‏تواند به برنامه‏ريزان و سياست‌گذاران توسعه روستايي جهت بهبود وضعيت امنيت غذايي در جوامع روستايي كمك شاياني نمايد.

Purpose: Considering the important role of rural women in food security, the main purpose of this study is to study the rural womenʹs empowerment in improving household food security. Method: The research data was collected through questionnaires filled out by rural married women in Divandareh County. Based on random sampling, 213 of them were selected. The validity of questionnaire was confirmed by the panel of food security experts and faculty members of management and agricultural development department in university of Tehran, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbachʹs Alpha coefficient and composite reliability. Results: The results can be concluded that the rural households have not been in suitable conditions in terms of food security. Also the results of Correlation analysis showed that among all dimensions of rural women’s empowerment (economic, social & psychological) with food security of their family were significantly correlated. In addition, the results of structural equation modeling showed that dimension of rural women’s empowerment with the coefficient of determination 0.83 (?=0.72, t=7.12) had positive and significant effect on the food security of the family. Practical implications: Due to rural womenʹ financial weakness, it is strongly suggested that financial supports will be dedicated to improvement of rural womenʹs empowerment, and their access to credits through creation and development of rural credit cooperatives and microfinance institutions that provide small loans to rural poor with little income or collateral,. Original/value: In this study rural women’s empowerment in different dimensions that is contribute to improve food security were identified. The results of the study could be considerably helpful to rural development planners and policy makers for improving food security in rural communities.