نقش واسط هاي سلام تعمومي، پرخاشگري و خطرپذيري در پيش بيني رفتار رانندگي

The effective psychological factors on driving accidents in th eform of a model

هدف پژوهش حاضر، پيشنهاد مدلي براي رفتار رانندگي است كه اين مدل رابط ه بين مولف ههاي روا نشناختي )خودكارآمدي، تيپ A شخصيتي، ابرازوجود، سلام تعمومي، پرخاشگري و خطرپذيري( و رفتار رانندگي را بررسي مي كند. براي ارزيابي مدل پيشنهادي، از روش پژوهش همبستگي از نوع تحليل مسير استفاده شد. جامعه آماري كليه رانندگان شهر تهران بود كه از بين آنها 426 نفر ) 150 نفر خانم و 276 نفر آقا( به صورت تصادفي خوش هاي چند مرحل هاي انتخاب شدند. ابزا رهاي استفاده شده در اين پژوهش پرسش نامه رفتار رانندگي منچستر، پرسش نامه سلام تعمومي، پرسش نامه پرخاشگري، پرسش نامه خطرپذيري، پرسش نامه خودكارآمدي عمومي، پرسش نامه تيپ A شخصيتي و پرسش نامه ابرا ز وجود را شامل مي شوند. نتايج بررس يها نشان م يدهند كه مدل ارزيابي شده با داد هها برازندگي خوبي داشت. با توجه به مدل ارايه شده و نتايج به دست آمده از تحليل مسير، متغيرهاي سلام تعمومي) 23 درصد ، 001 / P > 0 (، خودكارآمد P > 0/001 ،%35( (، ابراز وجود ) 19 % ، 001 / P > 0 (، پرخاشگري ) 13 %- ، 01 / P > 0 ( و خطرپذيري P > 0/05 ، -%16( ( در پيش بيني رفتار رانندگي معنادار شدند. ولي مسير متغير تيپ A شخصيتي) 08 %( معنادار نشد و همچنين رابطه معكوسي بين متغيرهاي پرخاشگري و خطرپذيري با رفتار رانندگي به دست آمد. نتيج هگيري: نتايج تحقيق نشان داد كه مولف ههاي روا نشناختي و شخصيتي با رانندگي رابطه معناداري دارند.

The aim of the present research is to offer a model for driving behavior, that this model is to investigate the relation between psychological factors (self-efficacy, character type A, assertiveness, general health, aggression, risk taking) and driving behavior. In this research statistical population was all of the drivers in Tehran, which from among them 150 women and 276 men were chosen randomly, by multistage clustering. The means which were used in this research were Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire, General health questionnaire; the list with 28question, Aggression Questionnaire, Risk Taking Questionnaire, aggression Questionnaire, risk taking questionnaire, self – efficacy questionnaire, character type A questionnaire and assertiveness questionnaire. For analyzing the proposed model, the correlation research method, which type was path analysis, by AMOS Ver. 8 was used. The results show that the assessed model is in good propriety with data. According to the provided model and obtained results of path analysis, mental health variables (23/, P < 0.001), self – efficiency (35/, P < 0.001), assertiveness (19/, P < 0.001), aggression (-0/12, P < 0.01) and risk taking (-0/16, P < 0.05) in anticipation of driving behavior became significant. But character type A variable path (%8) was not significant. And a diverse relationship was obtained from aggression and risk taking variable with driving behaviour. Conclusion: the findings of the research showed that psychological and characteristic factors have significant relationship with driving. And since the strongest direct and indirect path is related to general health and self – efficacy paths, the present research offers the ones in charge that firstly: pay more attention to this variables in intervention and educational programs and secondly: in order to increase the healthy driving behavior and decreasing driving accidents, in the time of taking of the driver license and its extension, drivers will be analyze psychologically, and providing for the problematic and susceptible ones, educational and consultation programs.