پديد آورندگان :
پنجهپور، نسرين نويسنده كارشناس ارشد جامعهشناسي دانشگاه اصفهان , , شيخ ، سيدحسن نويسنده كارشناس ارشد برنامهريزي شهري، دانشگاه تهران , , معمار، ثريا نويسنده ,
چكيده لاتين :
Introduction
Many social researchers confirm that religion has an influential role to form attitudes, trends and the meaning of social behaviors. However, far too little attention has been paid to examine the relation of religious integrity and architectural space. Regarding to the fact that in many parts of the world cultural heritage places such as mosques, shrines, squares, temples and streets are alive and the public can use them actively, the present study intends to examine the relationship between religious identity and cultural heritage conservation. Based on the importance of youth in shaping the values, socialization and demographic characteristics of the Iranian population, youth were selected as a purpose group.
Material and Methods
Religious identity refers to the role of a person in reproducing religious institutions and the importance of religious behaviors in lifestyle and interactions. According to research goals to assess the role of religion in social life and focusing on active preservation of cultural heritage, three indicators of belief, emotion and outcome were selected to measure religious identity.
There are two approaches to preserve cultural heritage: passive and active. While the first one, aims to prevent and avoid the risk of damage and ensure the building last longer, in active approach of preservation, cultural heritage is more than buildings and structures, they are carrying values and history of a society; thus preservation requires social engagement developing a social bond between people and place. If people do not understand the hidden values of building, protecting it loses its importance. For active preservation, three indicators of emotional, cognitive and functional were distinguished
Data were gathered by survey, using multistage cluster sampling. The total 343 people were interviewed in 6 Isfahan urban districts. The sample size was calculated with software SPSS Sample Power. To test the assumptions, structural equation modeling was used in AMOS software.
Discussion of results and conclusion
Describing the religious identity, the scores of indicators reported 4.12, 3.43 and 2.61 for belief, emotion and outcome, respectively; which indicates that youth believes are considerably stronger than religious behaviors. In cultural heritage preservation, indicators were 4.11, 2.63 and 2.36 for emotional, cognitive and functional respectively. It shows youth are considerably engaged with cultural heritage emotionally, but they have little knowledge about them and behave poorly to support and preserve.
Findings indicate that the relationship between religious identity and emotional, cognitive and functional indicators of preservation are statistically significant. With 95 percent confidence it could be asserted that religious identity positively correlated with cultural heritage preservation. The religious identity can explain 0.15 the preservation’s variations. Among socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, education and marital status, only respondents’ education had a significant positive effect on the conservation of heritage. Model fit indices show that the model has an acceptable fit.
Based on the results, strengthening the religious identity will increase the desire to preserve the cultural heritage. In other words, people with stronger social bonds have greater potential to collaborate with governmental and non-governmental organizations, in order to preserve the monuments.
Regarding the role of religious leaders to prepare lifestyle information to the public, guide them, confident religious people can play an important role in the preservation of cultural heritage. Understanding the effect of religious identity on heritage conservation will promote and develop functions of religion and heritage; Deep understanding of the continuity of religious identity and related values embedded in cultural monuments gives authorities and researchers a new insight about the relation of integrity of users and the preservation of a place. From this viewpoint, cultural heritage will be a source of identity, power and social responsibility.
Keywords: Cultural Heritage, Heritage Conservation, Religious Identity, National Identity.
