بررسي نظريه‌ي ارسطو و ابن‌سينا در باب نفس و نسبت آن با بدن

Study of Aristotleʹʹs and Abn Syna Theory Interpretation of the Soul and the Proportion of Body

يكي از مسايلي كه همواره ذهن فيلسوفان را در تاريخ فلسفه به خود مشغول داشته است، مساله‌ي نفس و نسبت آن با بدن است. ارسطو و ابن سينا؛ دو فيلسوف مشايي، با دو نگرش خاص به اين مساله نگريستند. ارسطو نفس را در تركيب اتحادي با بدن در نظرگرفت كه با از بين رفتن بدن، نفس نيز از بين مي رود. اما ابن سينا با مباني ديني خودش، نفس را به عنوان جوهري مستقل از بدن مطرح كرد كه بدون بدن نيز مي تواند به حيات خودش ادامه دهد. در اين جستار تلاش شده است تا به بررسي دو رويكرد فيلسوف مشايي از دو حوزه متفاوت؛ يعني ارسطو و ابن سينا، به اين مساله پرداخته شود.

The relation of self and body has been among the long lasting problems of philosophy. Aristotle and Avicenna as two most Peripatetic philosophers, have two different perspectives on this matter. Aristotle union of the soul with the body, in combination with the loss of the body which seem, breath away as well. But Avicenna with his religious principles, as the essence of the soul independent of the body that arises no body is able to continue his life. In the present research, in addition to explaining the nature of the self, according to the philosophical ideas of Aristotle and Avicenna, the outlook for these two, especially on the subject of life after death, we will. Aristotle explains Avicenna soul interacts with the body and Avicenna, the relationship of matter and form relationships knows that the best combination is unity. So he explained life after death is problematic because of the loss of the body, the soul must also be eliminated. Avicenna, Institute for the challenge to go out that Aristotle was caught in it, the resolution is as current as the inherent and self, trying to explain life after death, Aristotle faced with the paradox facing the iterations.