ماهيّت تاسيس حقوقي حريم طرح ها و اموال عمومي عام المنفعه در املاك خصوصي مجاور آنها

The Nature of Institution Limit in Neighboring Property

قوانين و مقررات تحديد مالكيت خصوصي در نظام حقوقي ما كم نيستند. منفعت عمومي و اعمال حاكميت، از دايره تسلط مالك خصوصي بر مال خود كاسته و به دو صورت تحديد مالكيت مطلق و نسبي حكومت دارد. علاوه بر تملك اراضي به منظور اجراي طرح هاي عام المنفعه توسط دولت و دستگاه هاي اجرايي، قسمتي از اطراف اين طرح ها به عنوان حريم طرح، بدون پرداخت عوض نيز تصرف شده و مالك زمين را از تصرفات قانوني محروم مي نمايند. ماهيت اين حريم كه در ملك غير ايجاد مي شود، بر خلاف فقه و قانون مدني كه حريم را فقط در اراضي موات پذيرفته است، روشن نيست. تصرفات دولت به عنوان صاحب حقّ حريم، مالكانه نيست و بر خلاف نظر كساني كه معتقدند حقّ ارتفاق در ملك غير است، به نظر مي رسد تحديد مالكيت بوده و اصل مالكيت را منتفي نمي كند. مبناي اين تحديد نيز تعارض دو قاعده تسليط و لا ضرر ، رعايت نظم عمومي و حفظ مصالح عام است

There are some of the rules and regulations in our legal system in which their applicaton will lead to delimitation of the private ownership. Public interests and sovereignty enforcement reduces the control of private ownership on oneʹs property and it was shown as absolute and proportional ownership. In addition to the possession of lands, some parts of the surrounding areas would be possessed as properties limits, without paying compensation by government and other executive agencies in order to execute public interests plans based on legal justification and, therefore, the property owner would be deprived of legal possession. The nature of these limits, which is against religious juries prudence and civil law, has not been specified yet. The possessions of the owner of limitation by government is not proprietary right and in contrary to those people who believe that it is a kind of easement in other property. It seems that it is ownership delimitation and it does not repudiate the incompatibility between the doctrine of TASLIT and LA ZARAR as well as observing public order and keeping public interests.