مصداق شناسي «كلمات» در آيه ابتلا

A Study of the Applicability of ‘’the Words’’ in the Verse of the Trial

در آيه «وَاِذِ ابْتَلي‏ ابراهيم رَبُّهُ بِكَلِماتٍ...» (بقره: 124) از ابتلايات حضرت ابراهيم عليه السلام با تعبير «كلمات» ياد شده است. تبيين نسبت آزموني كلمات با ابتلايات ابراهيم عليه السلام، طبقه بندي انواع آن در الگويي منطقي و توجيه پذير و تاريخ گذاري رخداد آنها در سيره ابراهيم عليه السلام از جمله مسايل بنيادين در بازشناسي «كلمات» است كه در تبيين مراد خداوند، پاسخ به آنها ضرروت دارد. مقاله حاضر پس از ارايه معيار قرآني ابتلا و مولفه‏هاي آن، آيات زندگي ابراهيم عليه السلام را بازخواني كرده و ضمن بررسي رويكرد مفسران فريقين به ابتلايات ابراهيم عليه السلام به نسبت سنجي، گونه شناسي و تاريخ گذاري كلمات پرداخته و به تقريري جديد از نظريه تفسيري ابتلايات ابراهيم عليه السلام دست يافته است. نكات مستفاد از آيات و روايات موضوعي ابتلا و بازيابي مولفه هاي ابتلا در رويدادهاي زندگي ابراهيم عليه السلام و چينش تاريخي آنها بيانگر ابتلاي ابراهيم عليه السلام به آزر، اعلام برايت، بت‏شكني، طاغوت زمانه، افكنده شدن در آتش، تبعيد، رهايي خانواده در بيابان مكه و قرباني فرزند است.

In the verse which reads: ‘’ and remember that Abraham was tried by his Lord with certain commands…’’ (Baqarah: 124), the Trials of Abraham referred to as ‘’the words’’. An explanation of the of relationship ‘’the words’’ with Abraham’s trials, the classification of its types in a logical and justifiable pattern and putting date on the event which happened in Abraham’s lifetime are among the basic issues which contribute to understanding the meaning of (the Words), which is necessary for the acquaintance with God’ intention. Establishing the Qur’anic criterion of the Trial and its components, the present paper reviews the verses relating to Abraham’s life and, investigating the approach to the interpretation of Abraham’s Trials adopted by Shi’ah and Sunnis, it examines typology and etymology of the words, and provides a new idea of the theory about interpreting the term Abraham’s Trials. What is interred from the verses and thematic traditions about the Trial and reviewing the components of the Trial relating to the events that took place in Abraham’s lifetime and their historical order demonstrate such idea like: the Trial of Abraham with Azar, expressing dissociation from, iconoclasm, the Satan of the time, when thrown in the fire, the exile, leaving his family in the desert of Mecca and offering his son as a sacrifice.