معيّت علي و قرآن، تفسير: (عليّ مع‏‎‎ القرآن و القرآن‏ مع علي)

(Ali (peace be upon Him) is with the Quran and the Quran is with Ali (peace be upon Him))

سخن گفتن از شخصيت واقعي اميرالمومنين (ع) و معرفي حقيقي آن حضرت، براي همگان امري بس دشوار، بلكه ناممكن است و تنها كساني مي‌توانند به معرفي شخصيتي چون علي(ع) بپردازند كه از همه ابعاد وجوديش اطّلاع كامل داشته باشند. در گردونه هستي، جز خدا و پيامبر(ص) كسي را نمي‌توان يافت كه به درستي چنين احاطه‌اي داشته باشد چنان كه پيامبر(ص) نسبت به آن حضرت فرمود: «... و لا عرفك الا الله و انا» و نيز فرمود: «... لَهُ [علي] حَقٌّ لايَعْلَمُهُ اِلاّ اللَّهُ وَ اَنَا». اين سخن بلند نبوي(ص) درباره علي(ع) كه فرمود: «عليّ‎ مع‏‎‎ القُرآن و القُرآن‏ مع عليّ: علي با قرآن است و قرآن با علي است» در همين باره بررسي مي‌شود. سخني كه حكايت از دو ويژگي مهم و رفيع علوي دارد: يكي همراهي علي(ع) با قرآن، و ديگري معيّت قرآن با علي(ع). با توجه به اهمّيت موضوع، نگارنده در صدد تبيين اين حديث شريف برآمده است. وي در ابتدا ، معيّت را طرح و پس از ماخذشناسي اين حديث در منابع شيعه و اهل‌سنّت به شرح معيّت از ديدگاه لغت و اصطلاح مي‌پرازد، سپس به نوع معيّت در عوالم مختلف اشاره مي‌كند و مي‌افزايد، معيّت علي(ع) و قرآن هم مي‌تواند در عالم ملك محقّق شود و هم در عالم ملكوت تحقّق يابد، مقاله حاضر پس از تفسير معيّت در عالم ملك و بيان وجوهي به عنوان تفسير آن، از جمله: معيّت علي (ع) و قرآن در هدايت، علي (ع) و قرآن ياريگر يكديگر، معيّت علي(ع) و قرآن در دلالت، يگانگي علي(ع) و قرآن در اقتدا، معيّت به رابطه، يعني رابطه علي (ع) با قرآن رابطه قيّم با متولي‌عليه است، ارتباط علي (ع) با قرآن، همانند ربط عالِم به معلوم است. و بالاخره علي (ع) و قرآن معرّف يكديگرند. در انتها به عنوان يكي از معاني معيّت، به معرفي متقابل قرآن و علي(ع) مي‌پردازد.

Talking about the great and lofty personality of the lord of the believers, Imam Ali (peace be upon Him) and introducing that great man is very difficult for anyone and it must be admitted that it is not only difficult but also impossible. Only those can talk about Imam Ali (peace be upon Him) who have a thorough understanding of his personality and his great character. In the whole world, except for Allah and the prophet (peace be upon Him), no one can be found who could claim to have proper knowledge and understanding to describe Imam Ali (Peace be upon Him), as the prophet (peace be upon Him) himself stated “… no one would know thee except for me and Allah” and he also stated “… [Ali] has a right that no one except for Allah and I would ever know.” Such great statements about Ali and this hadith which goes “Ali is with the Quran and the Quran is with Ali” must be considered in this regard. This statement signifies two great characteristic and lofty positions which belong to Imam Ali (peace be upon Him) first the companionship of Ali (Peace be upon Him) with the Quran and the companionship of the Quran with Ali (Peace be upon Him). Considering the importance of this Hadith, the writer of this paper attempts to explain it. The author discusses the companionship of Ali (peace be upon Him) and the Quran and then investigates the roots of this Hadith in both Shiite and Sunni traditions. This study deals with this companionship from different perspectives such as the word and the expression of companionship and then deals with companionship in various worlds. The paper states that the companionship of Ali and the Quran can be both in this world and the next world. After discussing the companionship in this world and explaining some aspects of it such as: the companionship of Ali and the Quran in guidance of people, the companionship of Ali and the Quran as supporters of each other, the companionship of Ali and the Quran as the indicators of one another, the unity of Ali and the Quran in reference, the companionship by relation in a way that the Quran is the guardian and the Imam (Peace be upon Him) is the guarded. The relation between the Imam and the Quran is like the relation between the identifier and the identified, and finally Ali (Peace be upon Him) and the Quran can only be known and understood by using both of them.