احكام حكومتي؛ قانون اساسي و كارآمدي

Governmental Commands; the Constitution and Efficiency

نگارش اين مقاله با هدفِ يافتن پاسخي به اين پرسش است كه احكام حكومتي چه جايگاهي در قانون اساسي جمهوري اسلامي ايران دارد. از آن‌جا كه قانونِ اساسي مبناي حقوقي اداره كشور است و حكم حكومتي به‌مثابه ابزاري براي كارآمدي و نيل به اهداف نظام در اختيار مديريت عالي گذاشته شده، فرضيه پژوهش اين است كه قانون اساسي متكي بر احكام حكومتي است و اِنفاذ و كارآمدي‌اش مرهون آن و تبيين فرضيه پژوهش. اين نوشته يك مقدمه، هشت بخش و يك نتيجه‌گيري دارد. با توجه به ربط وثيق قانون اساسي، احكام حكومتي، مديريت، و كارآمدي با يكديگر، در مقدمه و پنج قسمت اول مقاله مباحث كارآمدي و مديريت و اهداف نظام، احكام حكومتي، مصلحت، گستره اختيارات ولايت فقيه و مصلحت‌شناسي بررسي شده‌اند، تا در سه قسمت پاياني آن، با عناوين احكام حكومتي و قانون اساسي، ولايت فقيه و قانون اساسي، و جايگاه احكام حكومتي در قانون اساسي، تبيين فرضيه پژوهش تكميل شود و سوال اصلي پاسخ خود را بيابد. نتيجه‌گيري تحقق اين هدف را به‌اختصار بيان مي‌كند.

The main question for which the author tries to provide a reply in this article is that where is the place of governmental commands in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The hypothesis of the research is that the Constitution is based on the governmental commands, and its enforcement and efficiency is in debt to these commands; and many Articles of the Constitution show the same point. The Constitution is a legal basis to administrate the country; and the governmental command, as an instrument to increase efficiency and attain the objectives of the State, has been provided for the countryʹs higher management. To explain the main question, minor questions resulted from the former, and hypothesis of the research, the present writing has been arranged in an introduction, eight sections, and a conclusion. Because of the firm relation between the Constitution, governmental commands, management, and efficiency, in Introduction and first five sections of the article, efficiency and management and objectives of the system, governmental commands, interest, the scope of authorities of the Wilayat Faqih (Guardianship of the Jurist), and study of interests have been discussed as an explanatory introduction. In the last three sections of the article (Governmental commands and the Constitution, Wilayat Faqih and the Constitution, the Place of the Governmental commands in the Constitution), the hypothesis of the research is explained and a reply is provided for the main question. Conclusion shows in brief that this goal has been attained.