مدل‌سازي رابطه زيست اقليم انساني با ارتفاع مطالعه موردي: استان كهگيلويه و بويراحمد

Kohgiluye and Boyerahmad Province Bioclimatic Regionalization with Emphasis on Topography

امروزه مطالعه تاثير وضعيت جوي و اقليمي بر روي زندگي، سلامتي، آسايش در قالب يكي از شاخه‌هاي علمي تحت نام "زيست اقليم شناسي انساني" مورد مطالعه و بررسي قرار مي‌گيرد . هر مكان جغرافيايي اقليم خاص خود را دارد. ويژگي‌هاي جغرافيايي محل يكي از عوامل تاثيرگذار بر روي اقليم هر منطقه مي‌باشد. تاثيرات عوامل محيطي بر روي عناصر اقليمي باعث كاربرد روزافزون تكنيك‌هاي آماري در بررسي‌هاي اقليمي شده اند و كاربرد صحيح اين تكنيك‌ها، مدل‌بندي و شيبه سازي تغييرات مكاني عناصر اقليمي را امكان پذير ساخته‌اند؛ اما تا كنون به منظور شناسايي روابط بين متغيرهاي محيطي و تغييرات اقليم آسايش مطالعه اي صورت نگرفته است، از مهمترين عوامل تاثيرگذار بر روي اقليم توپوگرافي منطقه و تغييرات ارتفاعي منطقه است. از اين رو دراين پژوهش با توجه به رابطه علت ومعلول به بررسي روابطه ريگراسيوني ارتفاع و اقليم آسايش منطقه كهگيلويه و بوير احمد بر پايه 1DEM پرداخته است، كه براي انجام اين تحقيق از داده‌هاي آماري 13 ايستگاه هواشناسي در يك دوره 30 ساله، در منطقه و شاخص PET استفاده شده است. متغيرهاي توپوگرافي - جغرافيايي نيز با استفاده از نقشه هاي توپوگرافي منطقه استخراج شده اند. ضرايب همبستگي بين متغيرهاي توپوگرافي - جغرافيايي با نتايج حاصل از اقليم آسايش منطقه محاسبه شده و معادلات پيش‌بيني اقليم آسايش با تاثير دادن توپوگرافي تهيه شده است. نتايج تحقيق نشان مي‌دهد كه ارتفاع از مهمترين عوامل محلي تاثيرگذار در اقليم آسايش است كه مقايسه نتايج به‌دست آمده به‌خوبي تاثير ارتفاع بر اقليم آسايش را نشان مي‌دهد.

Weather condition is one of the effective factors in tourists’ health and comfort. Nowadays studying weather and climate affects life, health and comfort. It is surveyed in form of a scientific branch named “Human Biology Climatology”. Accordingly several indicators have been designed and provided which are still widely used today in studies related to human biology and meteorology. Human biology climatology has provided proper digital indicators for assessing combined effects of climatic elements on tourists and determining environmental comfort. One of the instances of these factors is temperature-physiology composite indicator based on the energy balance of human body which has a special role in human biology climatology studies. On the other hand, each geographical place has its own unique climate. Geographical features of the place are the other effective factor on the climate of any region. The effects of environmental factors on climatic elements have caused increasing use of statistical techniques in climatic surveys and the proper application of these techniques has made modeling and local changes simulation of climatic elements possible; although no study has been made for identifying relationships among environmental variables and comfort climate changes up to now. Area topography and changes in altitude of the area are of the most effective factors on the climate; hence this study using a causal relationship deals with the regression equations of height survey and Kohgilouye Boyer Ahmad region comfort climate based on DEM. In order to do the study, thirteen weather stations of the area in a 30-year period were used and PET&PMV indicators were applied. Topographic and geographic variables were also extracted by applying the topographic maps of the area. Correlation coefficients between geographic, topographic variables, and the climate comfort zone were also calculated and statistical results indicated that climate comfort had developed under the effect of topography. The research results also showed that geographical height is of the most effective local factors in comfort climate, where comparison of the achieved results represents the height impact on comfort climate.