تاملي بر ديدگاه «تفكيك وحي و راي»

A Reflection on the Viewpoint of “Segregation of Revelation and Judgment”

عالمان شيعه، قلمرو وحي را وسيع دانسته و معتقدند همه گفتارها و رفتارهاي پيامبر(ص) برآمده از وحي است؛ اما برخي از محققان مي‌كوشند نظريه «تفكيك وحي و راي» را كه متفاوت با نظر مشهور است، به علامه طباطبايي نسبت دهند. براساس اين نظريه، بايد بين سخنان آن حضرت در حوزه دين و احكام آن و گفته‌هايي كه مربوط به زندگي عادي و امور روزمره و مديريت جامعه است، تفاوت قايل شد. به ديگر سخن، گرچه پيامبر اسلام(ص) سه مسيوليت: تبليغ، ولايت و قضاوت را برعهده داشت، در حوزه ولايت و قضاوت، نظر و تشخيص خود را پس از مشورت با ديگران، اعلام و اعمال مي‌كرد. به بيان ديگر، سخن رسول خدا در اين دو بخش، «راي» ايشان است، نه «وحي» خداوند. اين نوشتار مي‌كوشد با روش توصيفي ـ تحليلي و به شيوه مطالعه كتابخانه‌اي، به واكاوي اين نظريه كه يك بحث درون‌ديني است، بپردازد.

Abstract: For Shiite scholars, the realm of revelation has been known to be wide and they believe that all of the prophet’s speeches and behaviors are derived from revelation; however, the theory of “segregation of revelation from judgment” which is different from the famous viewpoint is ascribed to Allameh Tabatabaie by some scholars. According to this theory, a differentiation should be made between the prophet’s speech about religion and its regulations, versus those speeches related to regular life, daily affairs and managing the society. In other words, although there were three responsibilities of Publicity, Wilayat, and Judgment on the prophet, regarding Wilayat and judgment, after consulting with others he would announce and apply his own opinion and recognition. To put it in other words, the prophet’s speech within these two sections is his “judgment” not the God’s “revelation”. Adopting an analytico - descriptive approach as well as library research method, the paper attempts to investigate this theory as an intra - religious discussion.