مباني مابعدالطبيعي انديشه سياسي فارابي

Metaphysical Bases of the political Thought of Farabi

فارابي از بزرگترين نمايندگان فلسفه سياسي و شاخص ترين چهره سياسي دوره اسلامي است. پژوهشگران فلسفه سياسي، سياست مدني در تفكر معلم ثاني را جزيي از نظام عام فلسفه او ميدانند. فارابي سياست مدني را در افق فلسفه وجود مطرح ميكند و با توجه به دريافتي كه از مراتب هرمي موجودات و كيفيت صدور و ارتباط آنها با سبب اول دارد به استنتاج هستي مدني انسان و مرتبه وجودي مدينه ميپردازد. فارابي الهيات و سياست را در منظومه واحد فلسفي در آميخته و با تكيه بر وحدت و شيوه استدلال نتايج آن دو را به يكديگر تعميم ميدهد. فارابي مواد سياست خود را از افلاطون و ارسطو گرفته و آن را بر مبناي فلسفه ارسطويي و نو افلاطوني اسلامي به شيوه استدلالي و برهان مدون كرده است. بنابر اين غالبا انديشه سياسي فارابي را داراي دو پايه مشخص افلاطوني و ارسطويي مي دانند.

Farabi is one of the most prominent representatives of political philosophy and the most distinguished political figure of Islamic era. Political philosophy researchers consider the civil policy in his thought a part of the general philosophical system. Farabi propounds the civil policy in the realm of the philosophy of existence, and based on his understanding of the creaturesʹ hierarchy and the quality of their relation to the first cause, he tries to draw a conclusion about the civil existence of human beings and the existential rank of the city. Farabi intermingles politics and theology into a single philosophical system, and generalizes their both results according to the unity and the method of conclusion. Farabi has borrowed his philosophical materials from Plato and Aristotle and has compiled them into a deductive method and theorem according to Aristotelian and Neo-platonic philosophies. Hence, Farabiʹs philosophical thought has been mostly known as having two specific Platonic and Aristotelian bases.