كليدواژه :
Bean , intercropping , Manure , تغذيه گياه , Plant nutrition , كشت مخلوط , گاودانه , كود دامي , Bitter vetch , لوبيا , corn , ذرت
چكيده لاتين :
In order to study the effect of intercropping of corn (Zea mays L.) with bean (Vicia faba L.)
and bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.) and farmyard manure (FYM) on corn nutrition, a factorial
experiment was carried out on the basis of randomized complete blocks design with three
replications during the 2010 growing season. The factors were types of intercropping systems at
levels of sole corn, bean+corn and bitter vetch+corn and FYM at levels of 0, 30 and 60 tons per
hectare. At the end of growth period, dry forage yield and concentrations of nitrogen (N),
phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), copper
(Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) of corn shoot were determined in different treatments. The
results showed that intercropping of corn with bean increased significantly concentrations of N,
P, K, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn of corn shoot compared to the sole corn (11.0, 11.0, 9.6, 4.3, 17.1, 49.8
and 1.6%, respectively), while it had no significant effect on concentrations of Ca, Mg and Na
of corn shoot. Also, intercropping of corn with bitter vetch increased significantly
concentrations of N, P, K, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn of corn shoot compared to the sole corn (6.9, 7.8,
11.7, 6.2, 13.6, 39.5 and 4.8%, respectively). The interactive effects of cultivation type and
FYM on concentrations of N, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Zn and Cu of corn shoot were not significant but
the effects of cultivation type on concentrations of P, K and Mn of corn shoot were dependent
on the level of FYM application. Application of 60 tons FYM per hectare increased
significantly concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn of corn shoot compared
to the control (16.3, 29.1, 37.2, 97.7, 16.2, 15.5, 46.9, 136.9, 26.2 and 28.6%, respectively).
Corn shoot dry yield increased by application of FYM, while decreased by corn intercropping
with bean and bitter vetch. In general, the intercropping of corn with bean and application of
FYM at the rate of 60 tons per hectare can be recommended for improving corn nutrition and its
forage quality in the study area and similar conditions.