آيه انذار، مطلع امامت شيعي

The Verse of Inzar (Warning), A Prelude to the Shiite Imamate

مسيله امامت و شبهات مربوط به آن، اختصاص به زمان، مكان و فرقه خاص ندارد، و به لحاظ ارتباط و نقش اين موضوع با اعتقادات مسلمانان، شبهات و مباحث جديدي مطرح مي شود كه لازم و ضروري است محققان در همه ادوار به آن بپردازند. اهداف اين تحقيق، تبيين مفهوم امامت به معناي شيعي، با توجه به مفاد و شان نزول آيه انذار، براي شناخت ميزان انطباق ديدگاه شيعه در اين مسيله، با قرآن كريم بوده است. پاسخ به شبهات مربوط به امامت، عمدتا در بعد معناشناسي مفهوم كلمه ولي بوده، كه تبيين آن براساس كتب تفسيري و تاريخي فريقين، از ديگر اهداف مهم پژوهش بوده است. به نظر مي رسد، سرآغاز امامت شيعي، همان آغازين روزهاي دعوت علني و واقعه «دعوه العشيره» بوده است. همچنين حادثه غدير در جهت اتمام حجت نهايي بر مسلمانان بوده و هيچ گونه تحليلي غير از معناي شيعي امامت، از حديث غدير داراي وجاهت علمي نخواهد بود.

The issue of imamate and the related religious doubts are not limited to any specific time, place or sect. Because of the relevance and the role of imamate in Muslim’s beliefs, some new doubts and issues are raised which must necessarily be dealt with by the researchers at all times. This paper aims at clarifying the concept of imamate from the Shiite viewpoint according to the provisions and reasons for the revelation of the verse of warning. It also seeks to investigate the compatibility of Shiite point of view and the Quran with regard to this issue. Responses to the doubts about the issue of imamate have mainly been related to the semantics of the word guardian (Vali). Clarification of this word based on the Shia and Sunni historical and commentary books are among the other important goals of this research. The innovations and results of this study include a review of the perspectives of those who oppose the Shiite interpretation of Imamate based on the events and happenings related to the verse of warning which is agreed upon by both Shia and Sunni religions. Interpretation of the word "guardian (vali)" and "protector (Mola)" as ‘friend’ is an unlikely possibility accepting which will prove problematic. It seems that the Shiite imamate began with the first public invitation and the event "Da’vat al-ashirah". Moreover, the event of Ghadir has been a final ultimatum to the Muslims and no other analysis of the meaning except the Shiite interpretation of the hadith of Ghadir will have any scientific basis.