سنجش و شناسايي شاخص هاي پايداري اجتماعي حمل و نقل شهري در شهر اهواز

Evaluating and Identifying Indicators of Social Sustainability in Urban Transportation of Ahvaz City

هدف اصلي مطالعه حاضر سنجش و شناسايي شاخص هاي پايداري اجتماعي حمل و نقل شهري در شهر اهواز است كه دو هدف فرعي شناخت عامل ها (شاخص هاي) اصلي پايداري اجتماعي حمل و نقل شهري و سنجش اولويت اين شاخص ها در شهر اهواز دنبال شده است. در اين راستا، روش شناسي پژوهش «توصيفي– تحليلي» بوده است كه از روش پيمايشي به صورت ابزار پرسش نامه براي گردآوري داده ها استفاده شده است. جامعه آماري پژوهش، شهروندان شهر اهواز هستند كه براي انتخاب جامعه نمونه از بين آن ها از روش هاي نمونه گيري خوشه اي چندمرحله‌اي و تصادفي ساده استفاده شده و سپس با استفاده از فرمول عمومي كوكران، 322 نفر انتخاب شده اند. جهت تحليل داده ها نيز متناسب با اهداف پژوهش از آزمون هاي آماري تحليل عاملي و T در قالب نرم افزار SPSS استفاده شده است. برابر با نتايج به-دست آمده از تحليل داده هاي پژوهش، نخست برمبناي تحليل عاملي متغيرهاي 20گانه پژوهش و بر مبناي متغيرهاي بارگذاري شده، 3 عامل امنيت اجتماعي با درصد واريانس 32/0، رفاه اجتماعي با درصد واريانس 21/0 و عدالت اجتماعي با درصد واريانس 36/0 و مجموع واريانس تجمعي 89/0 به عنوان شاخص هاي اصلي پايداري اجتماعي در حمل و نقل شهري اهواز شناسايي شدند و سپس، تحليل ميزان اولويت شاخص هاي اصلي شناسايي شده از ديدگاه شهروندان بر مبناي تحليل آماري T نشان داد كه شاخص يا عامل عدالت اجتماعي با ميزان اختلاف از ميانگين پايين 0452/0- داراي وضعيت نامناسبي از لحاظ پايداري اجتماعي در حمل و نقل شهري در اهواز بوده و به طور متقابل از اولويت بيشتري نسبت به دو شاخص ديگر براي دستيابي به پايداري اجتماعي در حمل و نقل شهري اهواز را داراست.

1. INTRODUCTION Today, the prospects of sustainable development have influenced all aspects of human society since its introduction in the late 1970s. Urban transportation is one of these areas. A study of evolution in urban transport during the twentieth century reveals that his field due to its malfunction in economic, social and environmental areas, which are the key elements of sustainable development, has raised the need for a consistent approach in the late 20 century. Specifically, in the social sphere, it faces challenges like increased accidents and rate of fatalities caused by it, greater social inequality in access to urban transport services, especially after the adoption of new technologies in this area, reluctance toward the use of public transportation and its services for all segments of society. These are some of the reasons heightening the instability of transportation in society. 2. METHODOLOGY This is a descriptive-analytical study that seeks to assess and identify indicators of social sustainability of urban transport in the city of Ahvaz. To achieve the research goal, 322 residents of Ahwaz were selected using multistage random and cluster sampling and their opinions were sought. For data analysis, techniques such as factor analysis and t-test were used in SPSS software. 3. DISCUSSION To assess the social sustainability of urban transport in Ahvaz, 20 relevant variables were identified. In the analysis of variables with the aim of finding main factors of social stability, three factors of social justice (8 variables), social security (7 variables) and social welfare (5 variables) were identified. The prioritization of factors indicates that the status of social justice (0.0452) in the urban transportation of Ahvaz is not satisfactory, requiring immediate attention and should be high on priority. 4. CONCLUSION The results showed that of 20 variables selected to assess the social sustainability of urban transport in Ahvaz, three main variables of social justice, social security and social welfare explained 89% of the variance in data, thus acting as the main factors of social sustainability of urban transportation in Ahvaz. The results of the survey carried out among the residents of Ahwaz showed that the status of social justice in Ahvaz urban transportation was unsatisfactory and it should be prioritized in the agenda of Ahvaz city.