مكان‌يابي محل دفع پسماندهاي روستايي با استفاده از تلفيق مدل تصميم‌گيري چندمعياره در محيط GIS (مطالعه موردي: شهرستان شهركرد)

Locating the Rural Waste Landfills by Using Integrating Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Model in GIS Environment (Case Study: Shahrekord County)

هدف: با توجه به اين كه امروزه دفع نامناسب و غير اصولي مواد زايد يكي از دلايل مهم آلودگي محيط‌ زيست است و مقوله مكان‌يابي مي‌تواند جهت مديريت بهتر مواد زايد جامد و كاهش مشكلات زيست‌ محيطي آن به‌ كار برده شود، هدف اين مقاله، تعيين مكان مناسب جهت دفن پسماندهاي روستايي است كه به ‌صورت مطالعه موردي در دهستان‌هاي شهرستان شهركرد انجام ‌شده است. روش: اين تحقيق از نوع كاربردي و روش آن توصيفي- تحليلي است. هدف از اين پژوهش مكان يابي بهداشتي دفن پسماند روستايي با استفاده از تلفيق مدل تصميم‌گيري چندمعياره (AHP FUZZY) و سيستم اطلاعات جغرافيايي است. يافته‌ها: انتخاب مكان مناسب براي دفن بهداشتي زباله، مستلزم در نظر گرفتن عوامل و معيارهاي متعددي (پوشش گياهي، معيارهاي فاصله از فرودگاه، فاصله از گسل، فاصله از شهر و روستا، فاصله از رودخانه، فاصله از رودخانه دايمي، فاصله از رودخانه فصلي، نزديكي به كاربري اراضي، فاصله از راه‌هاي ارتباطي، ناهمواري، فاصله از خطوط انتقال برق فشارقوي، ميزان باران) است كه در اين مقاله از تركيب لايه‌هاي فوق، جهت استخراج و تفسير نقشه نهايي مكان‌يابي پسماند روستايي استفاده شده است. با توجه به اهميت اين معيارها و تركيب آن‌ها، سه سايت پيشنهادي مشخص‌شده بر روي نقشه، واقع در مناطق شرقي و غربي اين شهرستان، بهترين مكان‌هاي پيشنهادي جهت دفن پسماندهاي روستايي است. راهكار علمي: استفاده از روش‌هاي نوين ابزاري توانمند و موفق در انجام مكان‌يابي است و نيازمند استفاده از اين ابزار در مديريت پروژه‌هاي شهري و روستايي هستيم. اصالت و ارزش: پژوهش حاضر از اين نظر حايز اهميت است كه مي‌توان با شناسايي معيارهاي مرتبط و تعيين محدوده حريم دفن پسماند روستايي از پخش آلايندهاي زيست‌محيطي مخرب در محيط روستا به‌عنوان يك محيط زيستي و تفريحي جلوگيري كرد.

Extended Abstract 1. INTRODUCTION lack of control on wastes and inattention to qualitative and quantitative condition of all productive waste, collecting method, transportation and their correct and hygiene removal result in special problems, threatening the health and environment. in any rural and urban centers, study on waste condition is differently Done because of various factors including waste management manner, type of the services presented by medical-hygiene centers, admission numbers, cultural and economic condition of The society, etc. wastes and their distribution in the environment Is one of the most Important problems of Human society and Its extent is increasingly increasing with regarding to rubbish production rate. 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Locating in the sciences related to earth is an operation In which by presenting the needs, aims and information about the existing condition to the other experts and summing them in his/her aims and opinions, an individual tries to attaining at the best choice among the available alternatives for the intended operation. Optimum locating is possible when the researcher can establish a scientific and logical relationship between the data and information obtained by the related experts in location area. Man chooses his activity place in order to attain at bearing less cost, more earnings and easy access to the resources. However, as the effective factors on locating become complex, we have to use scientific and modern methods (especially after world war2). In this respect, different theories, assumptions and Models have been presented, each one has its own advantages and disadvantages and is intended for the special operations. In term of approach and problem analysis, locating theories are divided into three groups: 1) theories based on minimizing the cost, 2) theories based on access analysis (most emphasize on demand and market factors a maximizing the intended earning), 3) theories based on maximum earning and in fact they are the result of two above methods. As more local models are employed for finding the optimum locations or optimum design, they are called as site selecting models or locating models. the aim of these models is to find the best location for an activity or settlement. 3. METHODOLOGY this investigation is in applied type and descriptive-analytical method. The aim of this study, the optimum locating for the waste rural landfill in shahrekord. In this respect establishing the required installations and equipment’s in order to locating the hygiene burial of the rural wastes requires using many various criteria. Then, in the present study, hierarchical analysis process model has been used for pair comparison by the experts and determining the final weight of sub-criteria. Then, by creating the information layers of sub-criteria and integrating them in arc Gis environment with regarding to the final weight abstracted from this model, the best sites for the final locating of the hygiene waste landfill have been prioritized. 4. DISCUSSION in this investigation, the best location for the establishment was identified by integrating 13 information layers in GIS environment. In the identification process, three locations were chosen as the proposed locations. AHPF model was used to select the best location. 5. CONCLUSION in the analysis, three proposed sites (first site 18.2 km2, second site 12.6 km2, third site 6.7 km2) were identified as he best places for waste rural waste landfill which were located in the west and east regions of county sharekord. With regarding to the results of the investigation, some suggestions can be presented as the following: ? in preparation step of information layers, if possible use the figure data provided by mapping organization which should be update as much as possible, so that in addition to assuring the geometric accuracy and precision of the input data, excess costs and longtime spending for providing the information layers will be prevented. ? it is necessary to study the ownership type and land cost in the located places so that final decision will be made about the intended ownership. ? present the selected place characteristics in the form of an intelligent model.