بررسي و تحليل رويكرد عرفاني مولوي به واقعه عاشورا

An Analytical Study of Molavi’s Mystical Approach to Ashura Uprising

واقعه عاشورا و شهادت حسين(ع) و ياران عاشق و بلاجو و فداكارش چنان باعظمت و باارزش بود كه نمي‌توانست از ديد صاحبان فكر و ذوق پوشيده ماند، مولوي نيز كه در موضوعات و وقايع گوناگون به انگيزه‌هاي مختلف اخلاقي و عرفاني تامل مي‌كرده و درس و معرفت مي‌اندوخته و درنهايت آن تجارب و درس‌ها را به طالبان و مشتاقان عرضه مي‌داشته است، به‌رغم اختلاف در مذهب، از تامل و معرفت‌آموزي در اين واقعه غافل نمانده و بارها از امام حسين(ع) و واقعه جانگداز عاشورا ياد كرده است. در اين نوشته پس از بيان عوامل و انگيزه‌هاي مختلف مولوي در پرداختن به اين واقعه يگانه، دو مورد مشخص و مفصل از نگاه خاص و عرفاني مولوي به واقعه مذكور كه در مثنوي و ديوان بازتاب يافته، بررسي مي‌گردد و برداشت و تحليل تازه‌اي از آن‌ها ارايه مي‌شود، و درنهايت تبيين مي‌شود كه نگاه خاص و معرفت‌مدار مولوي، درعين غرابت و تازگي نسبي خود، از برخي برداشت‌هاي درون‌مذهبي(شيعي) كه صبغه عرفاني و اصلاحي دارد، چندان بيگانه و يا بي‌نصيب نيست‌.

Ashura uprising, which marks martyrdom of Imam Hussein (AS) and his loyal and devotee companions, was so magnificent and valuable that no thinker and writer could ever neglect it. Jalaladdin Mohammad Balkhi, known as Molavi, who has various ethical and mystical contemplations on various issues and events, has always been on the course to learn and gain knowledge, and in the end, he was eager to present his experience and knowledge to his students and interested people. Despite the fact that he was a follower of a different sect, Molavi has contemplated on and learnt much from Ashura uprising and Imam Hussein (AS), and has repeatedly mentioned his thoughts on this heartrending event. Due to his epistemological and critical approaches, he has learnt lessons of love and ethics and loyalty from this event and has transferred them to his addressees. In this study, mentioning factors and motives behind Molavi’s intension for studying Ashura and learning from this unique event, who has brought different manifestations of the event in his works, we will try to study two specific and detailed instances of Molavi’s special and mystical views on the event, reflected in his Mathnavi and Divan (collection of poetry). This is to offer a new understanding and analysis of the impression he has taken from Ashura uprising. In the end, we are to clarify that Molavi’s special and epistemological approach – however relatively strange and fresh - is not that much different from or unassociated with some theosophical and correctional interreligious (Shia) understandings and interpretations of the event.