نقش دشواري‌هاي تنظيم هيجان و تكانشگري در نشانه‌هاي اختلال‌هاي خوردن

Complications of Emotional Regulation and Impulsivity in Symptoms of Eating Disorders

زمینه و هدف: هدف از پژوهش حاضر تعیین رابطه دشواری­های تنظیم هیجان و تكانشگری با نشانه­های اختلال خوردن بود. روش­ بررسی: روش پژوهش همبستگی و 340 زن از جمعیت عمومی شهر تهران به شیوه نمونه گیری در دسترس در پژوهش شركت كردند. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل مقیاس تشخیصی اختلال­های خوردن (EDDS)، مقیاس دشواری­های تنظیم هیجان (DERS) و مقیاس تكانشگری بارت (BIS-11) بود. داده­های بدست آمده با روش­های آماری ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه تحلیل شد. یافته­ها: نتایج نشان داد كه نشانه­­شناسی اختلال خوردن با دشواری­های تنظیم هیجان (01/0>P) و تكانشگری(01/0>P) رابطه معنادار دارد. تحلیل رگرسیون نیز نشان داد، عدم پذیرش هیجان­های منفی، دستیابی محدود به راهبردهای اثربخش تنظیم هیجان و تكانشگری توجهی قادر به پیش­بینی نشانه­های اختلال خوردن می­باشند. نتیجه­گیری: بر اساس یافته­های این پژوهش می­توان نتیجه گرفت كه دشواری­های تنظیم هیجان و تكانشگری نقش معناداری در سبب­شناسی و تداوم خوردن بیمارگون ایفا می­كنند، و تمركز بر این عوامل می­تواند در پیشگیری و درمان اختلال­های خوردن سودمند باشد.

Background & aim: Eating disorders (EDs) are severe mental disorders which typically occur during young adulthood and are associated with high mortality. On the other hand, the prevalence of EDs has increased in recent years. Accordingly, identifying the predisposing factors of EDs is essential, which can be taken into account in developing interventional programs.The aim of the present research was to investigate the relationship of difficulties in emotion regulation and impulsivity with eating disorder symptoms. Method: The research method used in the present study was correlation. A total number of 340 women from Tehran general population in 2015 participated in the study by convenient sampling method. The research instruments were Eating Disorders Diagnostic Scale (EDDS), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation (DERS), and Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11). Data was analyzed using Pearson Correlational Analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: Findings of the present study revealed that relationship of eating disorder symptoms with total scores of difficulties in emotion regulation (P<0.01) and impulsivity (P<0.01) were significant. Also there are significant relationship between most subscales of difficulties in emotion regulation including Non-acceptance (P<0.01), goals (P<0.01), Impulse (P<0.01), strategies (P<0.01), and clarity (P<0.01) with eating disorder symptoms. In the other hand, attentional impulsivity (P<0.01), motor impulsivity (P<0.01), and non-planning impulsivity (P<0.05) have significant relationship with eating disorder symptoms. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that both constructs of difficulties in emotion regulation and impulsivity are significant predictors of eating disorder symptoms. In terms of subscales, stepwise regression analysis also indicated that non-acceptance of negative emotions, limited access to effective emotion regulation strategies and attentional impulsivity can predict the eating disorder symptoms. Conclusion: Overall, according to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that emotion regulation difficulties and impulsivity play a significant role in the etiology and maintenance of disordered eating. Therefore it can be useful to focus on these factors in prevention and treatment of eating disorders. It means that patients with eating disorders require a therapy that addresses adaptive emotion regulation skills and control of impulsive responding.  Future studies can explore effectiveness of different emotion regulation & impulse control skills in reducing symptoms.