پديد آورندگان :
زرقاني، سيدهادي نويسنده استاديار جغرافياي سياسي، دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد , , اعظمي، هادي نويسنده دانشيار جغرافياي سياسي، دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد Azami, Hadi , علمدار، اسماعيل نويسنده كارشناس ارشد جغرافياي سياسي، دانشگاه فردوسي مشهد Alamdar, Esmaeil
كليدواژه :
Border market , Mahirud Sarbisheh , Physical-spatial development , Privation , بازارچه مرزي , توسعه فضايي- كالبدي , ماهيرود سربيشه , محروميت , مهاجرت , Immigration
چكيده لاتين :
1- INTRODUCTION
Isolated and non-fertile nature of border regions, resulting from severe restrictions on development, employment, and welfare services on the one hand, and lack of motivation for life on the other hand, has brought about political, economical, and security problems for governments. In this regard, the political inability in production, lack of employment, low income, and lack of access to basic needs are considered as the most social and economical characteristics of these regions which provide an environment suitable for illegal activities that are detrimental to security, such as illegal border crossing, drugs and goods trafficking, felony, kidnapping, etc. Border Market establishment is one of the necessary schemes for having a dynamic economy in border regions that provides an environment for development of legal cross-border transactions and uses the existing capacities of border regions in an efficient way by establishing healthy and continuous business communication with other neighboring countries.That is why experts believe that establishing and activating Border Markets can increase the safety of the borders of a country by providing jobs, boosting economic growth, reducing poverty, and vitalizing local capacities. One of the active Border Markets in Southern Khorasan is Mahirud Market which has a special and prominent situation among other three Border Markets of the province.The present study aims at analyzing the physical-spatial effects of Mahiroud border market in Sarbisheh County.
2- METHODOLOGY
This study is regarded as an analytical-descriptive study. The information required for the study has been gathered by library and field research (questionnaire, interview, field visits). In the field study, the information has been gathered by referring to the region and local observations, interviewing officials and political and security experts and distributing the questionnaires among two groups of participants. The first group included exhibitors, merchants, workers, public and private sector employees, and local people and the second group included authorities and officials. The main research question is as follows: What are the physical-spatial effects of Mahiroud border market of Sarbisheh County in border regions? According to the abovementioned main research question, three secondary questions are posed:
1. What are the physical-spatial effects of Mahiroud border market in Sarbishehcounty?
2. What are the effects of the creation and activation of Mahirud border market on reducing migration and increasing the incentives of those who live in border regions to settle in those regions?
3. To what extent is Mahirud border market involved in reducing poverty in Sarbisheh border reigion?
Finally, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS software in the form of descriptive and inferential statistical techniques such as classification, drawing tables, graphs, binominal test, etc.
3- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Spatial analysis of political phenomena, in other words, investigating the spatial feedbacks of political decisions and actions, are among the most critical functions of geopolitics. Experience of many countries and some parts of Iran, shows that enabling border markets has had positive effects and feedbacks on border regions.Also, this study investigated and analyzed the consequences and the physical-spatial effects of Mahirud border market of Sarbishesh in local level and border region. The results of the study showed that the establishment and activities of Mahirud border market has had positive effects in spatial, economical, political, and security dimensions, both in lower levels related to rural habitances of the market and in border region level and some parts of Southern Khorasan. Making asphalt roads to the market and improving transportation lines, building business centers and stocks and developing urban services such as water, electricity, and telephone,etc. are among the effects of establishing and activations of this market in spatial level. The results of the study showed that prior to establishing this market, Darh county has been among the poorest and most migratory areas of the province; but by establishing this market and the resulted improvement in employment, the poverty and the extent of migration has reduced in border regions.On the other hand, the activities of this market has brought about an acceptable and suitable security for Sarbisheh border region. Overall, it can be said that improving employment, reducing unemployment rate, poverty, and privatation, reducing crimes such as elligal border tranactions,drugs and tools trafficking, reducing migration to outter regions and border population fixation and increasing people’s interest in government are among the most social, political, and security consequences of market establishment, and these results confirm the hypotheses of the study.
