بررسي رابطه ي بين سرمايه اجتماعي و احساس امنيت اجتماعي خانواده (مطالعه موردي شهرستان خرم آباد)

Reviewing the Relationship betweenSocial Capital and family Societal

خانواده به عنوان يكي از مهم ترين نهادهاي اجتماعي شايد بيش از هر نهادهاي اجتماعي ديگري براي اِعمال كاركردهايش نيازمند مصّون ماندن از خطرات و تهديداتي است كه روابط گرم و چهره به چهره آن را به خطر مي اندازد . حال براي حفظ اين روابط چهره به چهره و پابرجا ماندن اين روابط «مايي» ، خانواده به يك پشتوانه ذهني و عيني براي دفع خطرات و تهديدات نيازمند است و آن برخورداري از احساس امنيت اجتماعي است. از سوي ديگر سرمايه اجتماعي ، كه زمينه ساز تعاون و همكاري ، اعتماد و مشاركت فعّال در زندگي اجتماعي است و در بستري از روابط متقابل اجتماعي شكل مي گيرد ، مي تواند با تامين نوعي امنيت معنايي، خانواده را از گرفتار شدن در دامن آسيب هاي اجتماعي و در نتيجه اضمحلال و فروپاشي برهاند و احساس آرامش و امنيت و همچنين «پيله ها يا شبكه هاي حمايتي» را براي خانواده به ارمغان بياورد . از اين رو مقاله حاضر در تلاش براي تبيين رابطه ي ميان سرمايه اجتماعي و احساس امنيت اجتماعي خانواده و ارايه راهكارهايي براي ارتقاي احساس امنيت اجتماعي براي خانواده است . روش اين پژوهش پيمايشي بوده و از طريق ابزار پرسشنامه انجام گرفته است . جمعيت آماري اين پژوهش خانواده هاي ساكن در سه منطقه شهرخرم آباد بوده است و تعداد 399 نفر از جمعيت آماري به شيوه تصادفي طبقه ايي منظم براي مطالعه انتخاب شده اند . يافته هاي پژوهش رابطه معني داري بين مولفه هاي سرمايه اجتماعي با احساس امنيت اجتماعي خانواده در ابعاد مالي ، جاني ، جمعي و فكري را نشان مي دهد . بدين معني كه هرچه ميزان اعتماد اجتماعي ، اعتماد نهادي ، آگاهي اجتماعي ، مشاركت اجتماعي و روابط اجتماعي در خانواده ها بيشتر باشد ، آنها از احساس امنيت اجتماعي بيشتري برخوردار خواهند بود . از بين كل متغير هاي مورد بررسي ، اعتماد اجتماعي ، اعتماد نهادي و آگاهي اجتماعي حدود 44 درصد از تغييرات متغير وابسته را تبيين مي كند .

Background and Objective: Family as one of the most important social bodies, more than any other social body requires to be protected from risks and threats that jeopardize its integration through face to face relationships. In order to maintain these face to face relationships and to keep them sustainable, families require a subjective and concrete backing to repel the relevant risks and threats, i.e. enjoying societal security. On the other hand, social capital which provides the ground for cooperation and collaboration, trust and active contribution to social life; and is formed in a circumstances wherein social interaction exists may not only prevent the family from disintegration and collapse, but also bring about comfort and ,security and support networks. Hence, the present article struggles to express the relationship between social capital security feeling on the part of families and offer ways for promoting security feeling on the part of families. Method: the present research is of survey type and is conducted through using questionnaire. N=399 including the households resident in three regions in Khoramabad city, and they are selected through random organized assorted method. Findings: The research indicates a meaningful correlation between social capital constituents and family security feeling: physical, financial, collective and mental security dimensions. Therefore, the higher the level of social trust, institution trust, social awareness, social cooperation and social relationship, the more secure they would feel. From among the whole variables reviewed; social trust, institution trust and social awareness account for 44 percent of the dependent variable. average of Tehrani citizensʹ trust in police is 0.507. The experimental data related to the relationship between contextual variables (age, education and job security) and dependent variable (trust in police entity and police agents) indicate that there is meaningful relationship between these variables in the certainty level of 0.99; and direction of this relationship in some variables-age and job security_ is positive, and the direction of the education variable is negative. According to the results achieved from fuzzy analysis of data, the number of cases which are members of the series: efficiency, accountability, Policeʹs cohesion orientation (except organizational transparency) exceeds the number of those cases which are not members of the series. According to regression analysis, there is a meaningful, positive and strong relationship between independent variables (norm orientation, accountability, efficiency and organizational transparency, the certainty level of which is 0.99. Regression correlation of Trust in police with the linear composition of the causative conditions: efficiency, accountability, organizational transparency and norm cohesion is 0.85. A proportion of the combination of variance for trust in police which are expressed through relative contribution of the whole causative conditions is 0.72. The weight of efficiency, as a factor, is more than other existing factors in expressing societal trust in police.