بررسي نقوش گياهي مشترك درآثارمنقوش حسنلو، زيويه، قلايچي، ربط2 و ارتباط آنها با هنر آشور

Review of Common Plant Designs in the Inscribed Monuments of Hasanlu, Ziviyeh, Qlaychy and Rabat 2 and their Relationship with Assyrian Art

آثار منقوشِ دوران باستان مي توانند سندي براي بررسي افكار و ارتباطات هنري و فرهنگيِ تمدن هاي گذشته باشند. مناطق حسنلو، زيويه، قلايچي و ربط 2، متعلق به دوران ماننايي هستند. تعداد زيادي آثار منقوش از اين مناطق به دست آمده كه در آنها، « نقش» به عنوان عنصري جهت تزيين يا براي نمايش مفاهيمي خاص به كار رفته است. اين مناطق با قرارگرفتن در يك ناحيه ي هم جوار، داراي نقوشي با مضامين مشترك و مشابه هستند كه تاثيرات و تبادلات فرهنگي را نشان مي دهند. يكي از انواع اين نقوش مشترك، نقوش گياهي هستند. دراين مقاله، مسيله ي تحقيق اين است كه نقوش مشترك گياهي درآثارهنري مناطق ماننايي كدام نقش ها هستند؟ و آيا اين نقوش ارتباطي با هنر آشور دارند؟ بنابراين مقاله درپي آن است با يافتن نقوش گياهي مشترك در آثار ماننايي و بررسي آنها به صورت تطبيقي - تشابهي، به بررسي همان نقوش در هنرآشور نيز بپردازد. نقوش «لوتوس» و «درخت زندگي»، نقوش مشترك گياهي در اين مناطق هستند. برخي از اين نقوش با نمونه ي آشوري شباهت دارند و دربرخي نقوش، تغييراتي مشاهده مي شود. اين پژوهش با استفاده از منابع كتابخانه اي و نمونه هاي موجود در موزه ها، با روش توصيفي- تحليلي به مقايسه و بررسي نقوش پرداخته است.

The inscribed monument belonged to ancient times can be regarded us a documents to study the thoughts ,ideas ,cultural and communication arts of ancient civilizations Ziwiye, Hasanlu, Qaychi and rabat2 areas belong to Iron age and Mannea era, in wich many inscribed monuments have been obtained. The discovery of many inscribed monuments show the importance of these art works, stencils and were used as both decorative element and inhabitation of the concepts and the ancient man behavior and concepts. These area located in contemporary neighbor geographic area, have inscribes with similar concepts, in wich show the cultural. Communications and impacts of them with each other. the research that has been done before, the role of the regions studied have been studied individually and mutually, Therefore, due to the proximity of the region to coincide in time and belong to the same cultural area and even the same cultural and artistic relationship with Assyria, Is necessary that the common motifs of plants in all four regions studied considering the Assyrian samples are compared. The aim of this paper is to identify common themes and similar designs in the works Mannaeans areas and Assyria and identify the commonalities and similarities and impact of designs of these areas are normal to each other and their relationship with Assyrian art. the main issue in this article is that common patterns of plant works Mannaeans areas which roles are and whether these designs with their Assyrian art? so this research investigates the designs and inscribes with plants common themes in the resulting works from Mannaeans areas, as comparative one. In addition, the neighbor of these areas is effective on the created motifs in the mentioned areas. the plant common inscribed monuments in these areas include lotus,rosette, palm tree and tree of life. Regarded as holy and holiness aspect in the beliefs of ancient time area. these two motifs had application and impact in all the studied area. Some inscribed monuments have similarity with Assyrian ones and some inscribed monuments have been applied with some change in design. this result was obtained in samples, that adjacent and synchronization with the Assyr during the wars between Mannaeans and Assyrian and their political and cultural communication together , caused to create the common themes and similar designs motifs in the regions studied. Assyrian art has a different impact on different sample designs. for example Lotus flower and bud of the example of the side view of Ziviyeh ornamentsare influenced by the role on a piece of ivory from the Assyrian period. In some cases, such as sacred trees Ziviyeh on ivory plaques, the overall design motifs, influenced by the Assyrian. this research aim is to recognize the subscribes with common and similar themes in Mannaeans areas and Assyr to clarify the common themes, similarities, the impacts of subscribes on each other. In this research, by means of library resource and also the existed samples in the museum by analytical- descriptive method, these subscribes monuments is compared.