مخلوق اوّل در روايات و دو مواجهه متفاوت

The First Creature in the Islamic Traditions and Two Different Approaches

پرسش از آغاز آفرينش و آفريده اول از نخستين مسايل فكري بشر بوده است، مسيله‌اي باسابقه كه مكاتب بشري و الهي كم و بيش به آن پرداخته و در مواردي شبيه به هم سخن گفته‌اند. روايات «اوّل ما خلق» در حوزه معارف اسلامي، مجموعه‌اي به ظاهر ناهمگون با تعابير مختلف در اين باره ارايه كرده است و دستگاه‌هاي معارفي فلسفي، عرفاني و كلامي هر كدام سعي كرده‌اند كه اين روايات را تبيين، تفسير و توجيه نمايند. در اين مقاله با تحليل و مقايسه دو مواجهه حكمي ـ عرفاني و اخباري با اين روايات، ضمن نقد ديدگاه اخباري، نشان داده‌ايم كه ديدگاه فلسفي و عرفاني، تفسير نظام‌مند و منطقي‌تري در اين باره ارايه كرده است.

The question about the beginning of the creation and the first creature has been of the first human thought issue. It is an issue that has been more and less paid attention by human schools during the time and in some cases, they have stated the same thing. The Islamic traditions (ahadith) “the First of Created-Being (the first creature)” in Islamic teaching field with different statements have presented a collection with no harmony in apparent and the philosophical, gnostic and theological studies have attempted to determine , interpret and justify these Islamic traditions. This article with analyzing and comparison of two philosophical- mystical and akhbari approaches with these traditions meanwhile criticizing akhbari opinion has made clear that the philosophical and gnostic attitude has clarified (presented) a more systematic and logical interpret. Keywords: The first creature (the First of Created-Being), Primary Issuance’ (awwal al-sawàdir), The Islamic tradition “the First of Created-Being (the first creature)”, Intellect (aql).